Development of an instrument measuring user satisfaction of the human-computer interface
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Numerical recipes in C (2nd ed.): the art of scientific computing
Numerical recipes in C (2nd ed.): the art of scientific computing
Sketching as a solid modeling tool
SMA '95 Proceedings of the third ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Creating solid models from single 2D sketches
SMA '95 Proceedings of the third ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
SKETCH: an interface for sketching 3D scenes
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An interface for sketching 3D curves
I3D '99 Proceedings of the 1999 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Teddy: a sketching interface for 3D freeform design
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Sketching a virtual environment: modeling using line-drawing interpretation
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Designing Fair Curves and Surfaces: Shape Quality in Geometric Modeling and Computer-Aided Design
Designing Fair Curves and Surfaces: Shape Quality in Geometric Modeling and Computer-Aided Design
Free-form deformations via sketching and manipulating scalar fields
SM '03 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Stylus input and editing without prior selection of mode
Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Proceedings of the 2005 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
A sketch-based interface for detail-preserving mesh editing
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
Sketch-based modeling with few strokes
Proceedings of the 21st spring conference on Computer graphics
Pen-based styling design of 3D geometry using concept sketches and template models
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling
SmoothSketch: 3D free-form shapes from complex sketches
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Making the most of using depth reasoning to label line drawings of engineering objects
SM '04 Proceedings of the ninth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Sketch-Based 3D-Shape Creation for Industrial Styling Design
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Technical Section: An optimisation-based reconstruction engine for 3D modelling by sketching
Computers and Graphics
3D sketching for aesthetic design using fully free-form deformation features
Computers and Graphics
A freehand sketching interface for progressive construction of 3D objects
Computers and Graphics
A two-stage approach for interpreting line drawings of curved objects
SBM'04 Proceedings of the First Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Relief: a modeling by drawing tool
SBM'04 Proceedings of the First Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Constraint stroke-based oversketching for 3D curves
SBM'04 Proceedings of the First Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Epipolar methods for multi-view sketching
SBM'04 Proceedings of the First Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Producing models from drawings of curved surfaces
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Modeling plant variations through 3D interactive sketches
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Sketching reaction-diffusion texture
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Sketch-based volumetric seeded region growing
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Sketch-based 3D engineering part class browsing and retrieval
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
An initial evaluation of a pen-based tool for creating dynamic mathematical illustrations
SBM'06 Proceedings of the Third Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
Computers and Graphics
Technical Section: Sketch-based modeling: A survey
Computers and Graphics
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2009
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With the availability of pen-enabled digital hardware, sketch-based 3D modeling is becoming an increasingly attractive alternative to traditional methods in many design environments. To date, a variety of methodologies and implemented systems have been proposed that all seek to make sketching the primary interaction method for 3D geometric modeling. While many of these methods are promising, a general lack of end user evaluations makes it difficult to assess and improve upon these methods. Based on our ongoing work, we present the usage and a user evaluation of a sketch-based 3D modeling tool we have been developing for industrial styling design. The study investigates the usability of our techniques in the hands of non-experts by gauging (1) the speed with which users can comprehend and adopt to constituent modeling steps, and (2) how effectively users can utilize the newly learned skills to design 3D models. Our observations and users' feedback indicate that overall users could learn the investigated techniques relatively easily and put them in use immediately. However, users pointed out several usability and technical issues such as difficulty in mode selection and lack of sophisticated surface modeling tools as some of the key limitations of the current system. We believe the lessons learned from this study can be used in the development of more powerful and satisfying sketch-based modeling tools in the future.