SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A Method for Registration of 3-D Shapes
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence - Special issue on interpretation of 3-D scenes—part II
Zippered polygon meshes from range images
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Enhanced simulated annealing for globally minimizing functions of many-continuous variables
ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software (TOMS)
Wavelets for computer graphics: theory and applications
Wavelets for computer graphics: theory and applications
Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Objects through Matching of Their Parts
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An Evaluation of Face and Ear Biometrics
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 1 - Volume 1
Spherical parametrization and remeshing
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
A dynamic framework for subdivision surfaces
A dynamic framework for subdivision surfaces
Comparison and Combination of Ear and Face Images in Appearance-Based Biometrics
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Overview of the Face Recognition Grand Challenge
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Performance of Geometrix ActiveID^TM 3D Face Recognition Engine on the FRGC Data
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
Adaptive Rigid Multi-region Selection for Handling Expression Variation in 3D Face Recognition
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
Strategies and Benefits of Fusion of 2D and 3D Face Recognition
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
A Comparison of 3D Biometric Modalities
CVPRW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop
Intraclass Retrieval of Nonrigid 3D Objects: Application to Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An Automatic 3D Ear Recognition System
3DPVT '06 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission (3DPVT'06)
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Biometric Recognition Using 3D Ear Shape
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Threshold-optimized decision-level fusion and its application to biometrics
Pattern Recognition
Partial matching of interpose 3D facial data for face recognition
BTAS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Biometrics: Theory, applications and systems
Toward unconstrained ear recognition from two-dimensional images
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans - Special issue on recent advances in biometrics
From 3D Point Clouds to Pose-Normalised Depth Maps
International Journal of Computer Vision
Automated human identification using ear imaging
Pattern Recognition
A review of recent advances in ear recognition
CCBR'11 Proceedings of the 6th Chinese conference on Biometric recognition
A review of recent advances in 3D ear- and expression-invariant face biometrics
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Reliable ear identification using 2-D quadrature filters
Pattern Recognition Letters
Multibiometric human recognition using 3D ear and face features
Pattern Recognition
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
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As the accuracy of biometrics improves, it is getting increasingly hard to push the limits using a single modality. In this paper, a unified approach that fuses three-dimensional facial and ear data is presented. An annotated deformable model is fitted to the data and a geometry image is extracted. Wavelet coefficients are computed from the geometry image and used as a biometric signature. The method is evaluated using the largest publicly available database and achieves 99.7% rank-one recognition rate. The state-of-the-art accuracy of the multimodal fusion is attributed to the low correlation between the individual differentiability of the two modalities.