Using video and static pictures to improve learning of procedural contents

Authors:
Amaël Arguel;Eric Jamet
Affiliations:
CRPCC - Laboratoire de Psychologie Expérimentale, Université Rennes 2 Haute-Bretagne, Place du Recteur Henri Le Moal, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France;CRPCC - Laboratoire de Psychologie Expérimentale, Université Rennes 2 Haute-Bretagne, Place du Recteur Henri Le Moal, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
Venue:
Computers in Human Behavior
Year:
2009

Citing 4
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Abstract

Animations and videos are often designed to present information that involves change over time, in such a way as to aid understanding and facilitate learning. However, in many studies, static displays have been found to be just as beneficial and sometimes better. In this study, we investigated the impact of presenting together both a video recording and a series of static pictures. In experiment 1, we compared 3 conditions (1) video shown alone, (2) static pictures displayed alone, and (3) video plus static pictures. On average the best learning scores were found for the 3rd condition. In experiment 2 we investigated how best to present the static pictures, by examining the number of pictures required (low vs. high frequency) and their appearance type (static vs. dynamic). We found that the dynamic presentation of pictures was superior to the static pictures mode; and showing fewer pictures (low frequency) was more beneficial. Overall the findings support the effectiveness of a combination of instructional animation with static pictures. However, the number of static pictures, which are used, is an important moderating factor.