Display of Surfaces from Volume Data
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Efficient ray tracing of volume data
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
An efficient method for volume rendering using perspective projection
VVS '90 Proceedings of the 1990 workshop on Volume visualization
Fast algorithms for volume ray tracing
VVS '92 Proceedings of the 1992 workshop on Volume visualization
Fast volume rendering using a shear-warp factorization of the viewing transformation
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Computer graphics (2nd ed. in C): principles and practice
Computer graphics (2nd ed. in C): principles and practice
Illumination for computer generated pictures
Communications of the ACM
Cell-based first-hit ray casting
VISSYM '02 Proceedings of the symposium on Data Visualisation 2002
Models of light reflection for computer synthesized pictures
SIGGRAPH '77 Proceedings of the 4th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Smart hardware-accelerated volume rendering
VISSYM '03 Proceedings of the symposium on Data visualisation 2003
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Accelerating volume animation by space-leaping
VIS '93 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Visualization '93
Real-time Volume Graphics
SIGGRAPH '05 ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses
A visibility-based automatic path generation method for virtual colonoscopy
CGI'06 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Advances in Computer Graphics
Perspective isosurface and direct volume rendering for virtual endoscopy applications
EUROVIS'06 Proceedings of the Eighth Joint Eurographics / IEEE VGTC conference on Visualization
Real-time volume rendering for virtual colonoscopy
VG'01 Proceedings of the 2001 Eurographics conference on Volume Graphics
Real-time surface analysis and tagged material cleansing for virtual colonoscopy
VG'10 Proceedings of the 8th IEEE/EG international conference on Volume Graphics
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Recent advances in graphics processing unit (GPU) have enabled direct volume rendering at interactive rates. However, although perspective volume rendering for opaque isosurface is rapidly performed using conventional GPU-based method, perspective volume rendering for non-opaque volume such as translucency rendering is still slow. In this paper, we propose an efficient GPU-based acceleration technique of fast perspective volume ray casting for translucency rendering in computed tomography (CT) colonography. The empty space searching step is separated from the shading and compositing steps, and they are divided into separate processing passes in the GPU. Using this multi-pass acceleration, empty space leaping is performed exactly at the voxel level rather than at the block level, so that the efficiency of empty space leaping is maximized for colon data set, which has many curved or narrow regions. In addition, the numbers of shading and compositing steps are fixed, and additional empty space leapings between colon walls are performed to increase computational efficiency further near the haustral folds. Experiments were performed to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme compared with the conventional GPU-based method, which has been known to be the fastest algorithm. The experimental results showed that the rendering speed of our method was 7.72fps for translucency rendering of 1024x1024 colonoscopy image, which was about 3.54 times faster than that of the conventional method. Since our method performed the fully optimized empty space leaping for any kind of colon inner shapes, the frame-rate variations of our method were about two times smaller than that of the conventional method to guarantee smooth navigation. The proposed method could be successfully applied to help diagnose colon cancer using translucency rendering in virtual colonoscopy.