Application of the Karhunen-Loeve Procedure for the Characterization of Human Faces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Online Palmprint Identification
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Comparison and Combination of Ear and Face Images in Appearance-Based Biometrics
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Two-Dimensional PCA: A New Approach to Appearance-Based Face Representation and Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Generalized low rank approximations of matrices
ICML '04 Proceedings of the twenty-first international conference on Machine learning
Training algorithms for fuzzy support vector machines with noisy data
Pattern Recognition Letters
Large-Scale Evaluation of Multimodal Biometric Authentication Using State-of-the-Art Systems
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Feature extraction approaches based on matrix pattern: MatPCA and MatFLDA
Pattern Recognition Letters
Generalized Discriminant Analysis Using a Kernel Approach
Neural Computation
Complete Two-Dimensional PCA for Face Recognition
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 03
Biometric Image Discrimination Technologies (Computational Intelligence and Its Applications Series) (Computational Intelligence and Its Applications Series)
Continuous Verification Using Multimodal Biometrics
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A 3D face and hand biometric system for robust user-friendly authentication
Pattern Recognition Letters
Structural hidden Markov models for biometrics: Fusion of face and fingerprint
Pattern Recognition
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Biometric verification/identification based on hands natural layout
Image and Vision Computing
Maximizing area under ROC curve for biometric scores fusion
Pattern Recognition
Threshold-optimized decision-level fusion and its application to biometrics
Pattern Recognition
A survey of palmprint recognition
Pattern Recognition
Advanced Pattern Recognition Technologies with Applications to Biometrics
Advanced Pattern Recognition Technologies with Applications to Biometrics
Fusion of color spaces for ear authentication
Pattern Recognition
Automatic 3D face recognition from depth and intensity Gabor features
Pattern Recognition
Personal identity verification by serial fusion of fingerprint and face matchers
Pattern Recognition
Combining appearance and motion for face and gender recognition from videos
Pattern Recognition
Theoretical analysis on feature extraction capability of class-augmented PCA
Pattern Recognition
Incremental learning of bidirectional principal components for face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Robust palmprint verification using 2D and 3D features
Pattern Recognition
A principled approach to score level fusion in multimodal biometric systems
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Fuzzy SVM for content-based image retrieval: a pseudo-label support vector machine framework
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine
BDPCA plus LDA: a novel fast feature extraction technique for face recognition
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
Personal recognition using hand shape and texture
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A soft relevance framework in content-based image retrieval systems
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
LPP solution schemes for use with face recognition
Pattern Recognition
A linear discriminant analysis method based on mutual information maximization
Pattern Recognition
Weighted principal component analysis
AICI'11 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Artificial intelligence and computational intelligence - Volume Part III
A data clustering algorithm for stratified data partitioning in artificial neural network
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Computerized wrist pulse signal diagnosis using KPCA
ICMB'10 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Medical Biometrics
Multispectral palmprint recognition using Image-Based Linear Discriminant Analysis
International Journal of Biometrics
A new subspace approach for face recognition
ICIC'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Computing: bio-inspired computing and applications
Image security and biometrics: a review
HAIS'12 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Hybrid Artificial Intelligent Systems - Volume Part II
Biometric feature extraction with biometric specific shape descriptors
International Journal of Biometrics
Bimodal biometrics based on a two-stage test sample representation
AICI'12 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence
Complex-Matrix-Based horizontal and vertical discriminant analysis for feature fusion
AICI'12 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence
Face recognition by using overlapping block discriminative common vectors
IScIDE'12 Proceedings of the third Sino-foreign-interchange conference on Intelligent Science and Intelligent Data Engineering
Coarse to fine K nearest neighbor classifier
Pattern Recognition Letters
Using the idea of the sparse representation to perform coarse-to-fine face recognition
Information Sciences: an International Journal
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Bimodal biometrics has been found to outperform single biometrics and are usually implemented using the matching score level or decision level fusion, though this fusion will enable less information of bimodal biometric traits to be exploited for personal authentication than fusion at the feature level. This paper proposes matrix-based complex PCA (MCPCA), a feature level fusion method for bimodal biometrics that uses a complex matrix to denote two biometric traits from one subject. The method respectively takes the two images from two biometric traits of a subject as the real part and imaginary part of a complex matrix. MCPCA applies a novel and mathematically tractable algorithm for extracting features directly from complex matrices. We also show that MCPCA has a sound theoretical foundation and the previous matrix-based PCA technique, two-dimensional PCA (2DPCA), is only one special form of the proposed method. On the other hand, the features extracted by the developed method may have a large number of data items (each real number in the obtained features is called one data item). In order to obtain features with a small number of data items, we have devised a two-step feature extraction scheme. Our experiments show that the proposed two-step feature extraction scheme can achieve a higher classification accuracy than the 2DPCA and PCA techniques.