IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Integrating Faces and Fingerprints for Personal Identification
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Person Identification Using Multiple Cues
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition
Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition
Information fusion in biometrics
Pattern Recognition Letters - Special issue: Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication (AVBPA 2001)
Fusion of face and speech data for person identity verification
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
Multimodal Person Recognition for Human-Vehicle Interaction
IEEE MultiMedia
Multiscale Fusion of Visible and Thermal IR Images for Illumination-Invariant Face Recognition
International Journal of Computer Vision
Personal recognition based on an image of the palmar surface of the hand
Pattern Recognition
Evaluation and analysis of a face and voice outdoor multi-biometric system
Pattern Recognition Letters
A 3D face and hand biometric system for robust user-friendly authentication
Pattern Recognition Letters
Classifier ensembles: Select real-world applications
Information Fusion
Pattern Recognition
A fuzzy approach to multimodal biometric continuous authentication
Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making
ISL Person Identification Systems in the CLEAR 2007 Evaluations
Multimodal Technologies for Perception of Humans
Impostor Users Discovery Using a Multimodal Biometric Continuous Authentication Fuzzy System
KES '08 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part II
Image and Vision Computing
Biometrics and their use in e-passports
Image and Vision Computing
Exploring Margin Maximization for Biometric Score Fusion
SSPR & SPR '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition
Robustness of multimodal biometric fusion methods against spoof attacks
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Combining different biometric traits with one-class classification
Signal Processing
A Classification Framework for Large-Scale Face Recognition Systems
ICB '09 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics
Multimodal biometrics: state of the art in fusion techniques
International Journal of Biometrics
Cluster Ensembles Based on Vector Space Embeddings of Graphs
MCS '09 Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems
Multimodal biometric system using rank-level fusion approach
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on cybernetics and cognitive informatics
Palmprint recognition using 3-D information
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
A feature extraction method for use with bimodal biometrics
Pattern Recognition
Biometric Recognition: When Is Evidence Fusion Advantageous?
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part II
Benchmarking quality-dependent and cost-sensitive score-level multimodal biometric fusion algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security - Special issue on electronic voting
Performance evaluation of score level fusion in multimodal biometric systems
Pattern Recognition
Score normalization in multimodal biometric systems
Pattern Recognition
A robot learns to know people: first contacts of a robot
KI'06 Proceedings of the 29th annual German conference on Artificial intelligence
Classifier combining rules under independence assumptions
MCS'07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Multiple classifier systems
A video-based door monitoring system using local appearance-based face models
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Bimodal biometric person identification system under perturbations
PSIVT'07 Proceedings of the 2nd Pacific Rim conference on Advances in image and video technology
Likelihood ratio based features for a trained biometric score fusion
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
On the dynamic selection of biometric fusion algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on advanced image processing for defense and security applications
Multimodal biometric score fusion using Gaussian mixture model and Monte Carlo method
Journal of Computer Science and Technology
Homogeneous physio-behavioral visual and mouse-based biometric
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Ensemble of local and global information for finger-knuckle-print recognition
Pattern Recognition
A psychologically-inspired match-score fusion mode for video-based facial expression recognition
ACII'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Affective computing and intelligent interaction - Volume Part II
A Comparative Study of Palmprint Recognition Algorithms
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Dealing with biometric multi-dimensionality through chaotic neural network methodology
International Journal of Information Technology and Management
Speaker verification using adapted user-dependent multilevel fusion
MCS'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multiple Classifier Systems
A principled approach to score level fusion in multimodal biometric systems
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Phase congruency induced local features for finger-knuckle-print recognition
Pattern Recognition
Fusion of biometric systems using Boolean combination: an application to iris-based authentication
International Journal of Biometrics
Multi-normalization: a new method for improving biometric fusion
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics
Pattern Recognition Letters
ICB'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Computational Science, Engineering and Information Technology
Neurocomputing
Multimodal biometric system based on hand geometry, palmprint and signature
Proceedings of the 5th ACM COMPUTE Conference: Intelligent & scalable system technologies
MMU GASPFA: A COTS multimodal biometric database
Pattern Recognition Letters
Is it really you?: user identification via adaptive behavior fingerprinting
Proceedings of the 4th ACM conference on Data and application security and privacy
An improved palmprint recognition system using iris features
Journal of Real-Time Image Processing
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We examine the performance of multimodal biometric authentication systems using state-of-the-art Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) fingerprint and face biometric systems on a population approaching 1,000 individuals. The majority of prior studies of multimodal biometrics have been limited to relatively low accuracy non-COTS systems and populations of a few hundred users. Our work is the first to demonstrate that multimodal fingerprint and face biometric systems can achieve significant accuracy gains over either biometric alone, even when using highly accurate COTS systems on a relatively large-scale population. In addition to examining well-known multimodal methods, we introduce new methods of normalization and fusion that further improve the accuracy.