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Fundamentals of queueing theory (2nd ed.).
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WSC '89 Proceedings of the 21st conference on Winter simulation
LECSIM: a levelized event driven compiled logic simulation
DAC '90 Proceedings of the 27th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
Performance prediction of distributed load balancing on multicomputer systems
Proceedings of the 1991 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
On Runtime Parallel Scheduling for Processor Load Balancing
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Adaptive protocols for parallel discrete event simulation
WSC '96 Proceedings of the 28th conference on Winter simulation
Exploiting process lifetime distributions for dynamic load balancing
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
ANSS '91 Proceedings of the 24th annual symposium on Simulation
Scheduling for Embedded Real-Time Systems
IEEE Design & Test
Dynamic run-time HW/SW scheduling techniques for reconfigurable architectures
Proceedings of the tenth international symposium on Hardware/software codesign
Online Scheduling and Placement of Real-time Tasks to Partially Reconfigurable Devices
RTSS '03 Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
Reconfigurable Designs for Radiosity
FCCM '05 Proceedings of the 13th Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines
Optimal reconfiguration sequence management
ASP-DAC '03 Proceedings of the 2003 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Speeding up SystemC simulation through process splitting
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Dynamic coprocessor management for FPGA-enhanced compute platforms
CASES '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Compilers, architectures and synthesis for embedded systems
Relaxing Synchronization in a Parallel SystemC Kernel
ISPA '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications
Parallelizing SystemC Kernel for Fast Hardware Simulation on SMP Machines
PADS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 ACM/IEEE/SCS 23rd Workshop on Principles of Advanced and Distributed Simulation
CODES+ISSS '09 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM international conference on Hardware/software codesign and system synthesis
Transmuting coprocessors: dynamic loading of FPGA coprocessors
Proceedings of the 46th Annual Design Automation Conference
A conservative approach to systemc parallelization
ICCS'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Computational Science - Volume Part IV
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Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have recently been used as platforms to emulate SystemC descriptions. Emulation supports in-system testing using real input and output. We previously showed emulation speed to be competitive with SystemC simulations on a PC when the emulator uses acceleration engines. A limit on the number of acceleration engines that can fit on an emulation platform creates new online problems involving runtime decisions as to when to load a SystemC process into an acceleration engine. We define the online SystemC emulation acceleration problem. In contrast to previous works that focus on statically improving SystemC (and the more general event-driven) simulations, we utilize online heuristics to manage the use of a limited number of SystemC acceleration engines in an emulation framework, where the kernel must adapt and react to dynamically changing process and event queues. We test several online heuristics and show 9x improvement over microprocessor-only emulation and 5x over statically preloaded acceleration engines. We further improve emulation performance by 10--20% by adding kernel bypass connections between acceleration engines and by adapting the online heuristics to make use of those connections.