Managing the software process
Schlumberger's Software Improvement Program
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Forums for management information systems scholars
Communications of the ACM
Improvement of software process by process description and benefit estimation
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Software engineering
A systematic survey of CMM experience and results
Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Software engineering
Software quality and the Capability Maturity Model
Communications of the ACM
Combining quality and software improvement
Communications of the ACM
Software improvements in an international company
ICSE '93 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Software Engineering
Software process improvement experience in the DP/MIS function: experience report
ICSE '94 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Software engineering
Process assessment considered wasteful
Communications of the ACM
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Software engineering
European experiences with software process improvement
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Software engineering
Thinking objectively: software process improvement in the small
Communications of the ACM
Commitment development in software process improvement: critical misconceptions
ICSE '01 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Software Engineering
Knowledge capability and maturity in software management
ACM SIGMIS Database - Special issue on infomration systems: current issues and future changes
Situated assessment of problems in software development
ACM SIGMIS Database - Special issue on infomration systems: current issues and future changes
On site: global perceptions of IS journals
Communications of the ACM
A framework for evaluation and prediction of software process improvement success
Journal of Systems and Software
Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
Assessing software processes: low maturity or sensible practice
Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
A conceptual map of software process improvement
Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
Analysing an SPI project with the map framework
Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
IEEE Software
Making Sense of Measurement for Small Organizations
IEEE Software
Software Process Improvement in Web Time
IEEE Software
Process Improvement Satisfies Employees
IEEE Software
Telcordia Technologies: The Journey to High Maturity
IEEE Software
Information Systems Research
Research Commentary. Academic Rewards for Teaching, Research, and Service: Data and Discourse
Information Systems Research
Objective quality ranking of computing journals
Communications of the ACM - Service-oriented computing
A quantitative and qualitative analysis of factors affecting software processes
Journal of Systems and Software
De-motivators for software process improvement: an analysis of practitioners' views
Journal of Systems and Software
The social construction of the software operation: reinforcing effects in metrics programs
Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
Adopting the SW-CMM in a Small IT Organization
IEEE Software
Successful Process Implementation
IEEE Software
Characterizing a software process maturity model for small organizations
ACM SIGICE Bulletin
Examining differences across journal rankings
Communications of the ACM - Medical image modeling
A maturity model for the implementation of software process improvement: an empirical study
Journal of Systems and Software - Special issue: The new context for software engineering education and training
An Empirical Investigation of the Key Factors for Success in Software Process Improvement
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Journal of Systems and Software
Managing Change in Software Process Improvement
IEEE Software
An exploratory study of why organizations do not adopt CMMI
Journal of Systems and Software
Information and Software Technology
Software process improvement as emergent change: A structurational analysis
Information and Software Technology
The Effectiveness of Knowledge Transfer Portfolios in Software Process Improvement: A Field Study
Information Systems Research
SPI agility: How to navigate improvement projects: Research Sections
Software Process: Improvement and Practice
Managing process change in software organizations: Experience and reflection: Research Sections
Software Process: Improvement and Practice - Special Issue on Software Process Simulation
Success with improvement — requires the right roles to be enacted — in symbiosis
Software Process: Improvement and Practice - Special Issue on Industrial Experiences in SPI
Initiating software process improvement in very small enterprises
Information and Software Technology
Information and Software Technology
Process improvement for small firms: An evaluation of the RAPID assessment-based method
Information and Software Technology
International Journal of Information Management: The Journal for Information Professionals
Prescription, description, reflection: the shape of the software process improvement field
International Journal of Information Management: The Journal for Information Professionals
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Software Process Improvement (SPI) typically involves rather complex organizational changes. Acknowledging that managers can approach these changes in quite different ways, this paper addresses the following question: what perspectives do the research literature offer on SPI as organizational change and how is this knowledge presented and published? To answer this question, we analyzed SPI research publications with a main emphasis on organizational change using Gareth Morgan's organizational metaphors (1996) as analytical lenses. In addition, we characterized each article along the following dimensions: knowledge orientation (normative versus descriptive), theoretical emphasis (high versus low), main audience (practitioner versus academic), geographical origin (Scandinavia, the Americas, Europe, or the Asia-Pacific), and publication level (high versus low ranked journal). The review demonstrates that the literature as a whole is firmly grounded in both theory and practice, it appropriately targets both practitioner and academic audiences, and Scandinavian and American researchers are the main contributors. However, the distribution of articles across Morgan's metaphors is uneven and reveals knowledge gaps that present new avenues for research. The current literature offers important insights into organizational change in SPI when viewed through machine, organism, flux and transformation, and brain metaphors. Practitioners may use these articles to guide SPI initiatives. In contrast, the impact of culture, dominance, psychic prison, and politics in SPI has only received scant attention. We argue that these perspectives could offer important additional insights into the challenges involved in managing SPI. Researchers are therefore advised to engage in new SPI research based on one or more of these perspectives. Overall, the paper offers research directions and management lessons, and it provides a roadmap to help identify insights and specific articles related to SPI as organizational change.