MFTL: A Design and Implementation for MLC Flash Memory Storage Systems
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Software controlled cell bit-density to improve NAND flash lifetime
Proceedings of the 49th Annual Design Automation Conference
A multi-controller design for solid-state drives
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Research in Applied Computation Symposium
A multi-controller architecture for high-performance solid-state drives
ACM SIGAPP Applied Computing Review
Hot-LSNs distributing wear-leveling algorithm for flash memory
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) - Special section on ESTIMedia'12, LCTES'11, rigorous embedded systems design, and multiprocessor system-on-chip for cyber-physical systems
Phœnix: reviving MLC blocks as SLC to extend NAND flash devices lifetime
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
Dual greedy: adaptive garbage collection for page-mapping solid-state disks
DATE '12 Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
An adaptive, low-cost wear-leveling algorithm for multichannel solid-state disks
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) - Special Section ESFH'12, ESTIMedia'11 and Regular Papers
Wear unleveling: improving NAND flash lifetime by balancing page endurance
FAST'14 Proceedings of the 12th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
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Replacing power-hungry disks with NAND-flash-based solid-state disks (SSDs) is a recently emerging trend in flash-memory applications. One important SSD design issue is achieving a good balance between cost, performance, and lifetime. This study introduces a hybrid approach to large SSDs that combines MLC NAND flash and SLC NAND flash. Each of these flash architectures has its own drawbacks and benefits, and this study proposes that the two can complement each other. However, there are technical challenges pertaining to data placement, data migration, and wear leveling in heterogeneous NAND flash. The experimental results of our study show that combining 256 MB SLC flash with 20 GB MLC flash produces a hybrid SSD. This hybrid SSD is 1.8 times faster than a purely MLC-flash-based SSD in terms of average response time and improves energy consumption by 46 percent. The proposed hybrid SSD costs only four percent more than a purely MLC-flash-based SSD. The extra cost of a hybrid SSD is very limited and rewarding.