PathFinder: a negotiation-based performance-driven router for FPGAs
FPGA '95 Proceedings of the 1995 ACM third international symposium on Field-programmable gate arrays
Delay-optimal technology mapping for FPGAs with heterogeneous LUTs
DAC '98 Proceedings of the 35th annual Design Automation Conference
Using sparse crossbars within LUT
FPGA '01 Proceedings of the 2001 ACM/SIGDA ninth international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Architecture and CAD for Deep-Submicron FPGAs
Architecture and CAD for Deep-Submicron FPGAs
The stratixπ routing and logic architecture
FPGA '03 Proceedings of the 2003 ACM/SIGDA eleventh international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
How Much Logic Should Go in an FPGA Logic Block?
IEEE Design & Test
VPR: A new packing, placement and routing tool for FPGA research
FPL '97 Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications
Architectures and algorithms for field-programmable gate arrays with embedded memory
Architectures and algorithms for field-programmable gate arrays with embedded memory
A detailed power model for field-programmable gate arrays
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES)
Embedded floating-point units in FPGAs
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM/SIGDA 14th international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Area and delay trade-offs in the circuit and architecture design of FPGAs
Proceedings of the 16th international ACM/SIGDA symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Automated transistor sizing for FPGA architecture exploration
Proceedings of the 45th annual Design Automation Conference
Proceedings of the ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Wirelength modeling for homogeneous and heterogeneous FPGA architectural development
Proceedings of the ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
SmartOpt: an industrial strength framework for logic synthesis
Proceedings of the ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
The effect of LUT and cluster size on deep-submicron FPGA performance and density
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems - Special section on the 2002 international symposium on low-power electronics and design (ISLPED)
Statistical Analysis and Design of HARP FPGAs
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Improvements to Technology Mapping for LUT-Based FPGAs
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
An efficient and effective analytical placer for FPGAs
Proceedings of the 50th Annual Design Automation Conference
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The VPR toolset has been widely used in FPGA architecture and CAD research, but has not evolved over the past decade. This article describes and illustrates the use of a new version of the toolset that includes four new features: first, it supports a broad range of single-driver routing architectures, which have superior architectural and electrical properties over the prior multidriver approach (and which is now employed in the majority of FPGAs sold). Second, it can now model, for placement and routing a heterogeneous selection of hard logic blocks. This is a key (but not final) step toward the incluion of blocks such as memory and multipliers. Third, we provide optimized electrical models for a wide range of architectures in different process technologies, including a range of area-delay trade-offs for each single architecture. Finally, to maintain robustness and support future development the release includes a set of regression tests for the software. To illustrate the use of the new features, we explore several architectural issues: the FPGA area efficiency versus logic block granularity, the effect of single-driver routing, and a simple use of the heterogeneity to explore the impact of hard multipliers on wiring track count.