Low-cost FPGA stereo vision system for real time disparity maps calculation

Authors:
Paolo Zicari;Stefania Perri;Pasquale Corsonello;Giuseppe Cocorullo
Affiliations:
Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy;Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy;Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy;Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
Venue:
Microprocessors & Microsystems
Year:
2012

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Abstract

Several applications demand efficient hardware implementations of stereo vision systems in order to furnish real time three-dimensional measurements. This paper proposes a complete fast low-cost stereo vision system that performs stereo image rectification with tangential and radial distortion removal, computes dense disparity maps using the Sum of Absolute Differences as the dissimilarity metric, and, finally, exploits a novel injective consistency check purpose-designed for eliminating unreliable disparity values. The proposed system has been realized and hardware tested for several images resolutions and disparity ranges. When 1280x720 grayscale images are processed with the disparity range equal to 30, the system allows a frame rate up to 97fps@89MHz to be reached. It has been realized on a single low-cost XilinxVirtex-4 XC4VLX60 FPGA chip and it occupies 63 DSPs, 128 BRAMs and 15728 slices.