Beyond lassos: complete SMT-Based bounded model checking for timed automata

  • Authors:
  • Roland Kindermann;Tommi Junttila;Ilkka Niemelä

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland;Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland;Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland

  • Venue:
  • FMOODS'12/FORTE'12 Proceedings of the 14th joint IFIP WG 6.1 international conference and Proceedings of the 32nd IFIP WG 6.1 international conference on Formal Techniques for Distributed Systems
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

Timed automata (TAs) are a common formalism for modeling timed systems. Bounded model checking (BMC) is a verification method that searches for runs violating a property using a SAT or SMT solver. Previous SMT-based BMC approaches for TAs search for finite counter-examples and infinite lasso-shaped counter-examples. This paper shows that lasso-based BMC cannot detect counter-examples for some linear time specifications expressed, e.g., with LTL or Büchi automata. This paper introduces a new SMT-based BMC approach that can find a counter-example to any non-holding Büchi automaton or LTL specification and also, in theory, prove that a specification holds. Different BMC encodings tailored for the supported features of different SMT solvers are compared experimentally to lasso-based BMC and discretization-based SAT BMC.