Windows on the world: 2D windows for 3D augmented reality
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Using transparent props for interaction with the virtual table
I3D '99 Proceedings of the 1999 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Towards usable VR: an empirical study of user interfaces for immersive virtual environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Virtual environment display system
I3D '86 Proceedings of the 1986 workshop on Interactive 3D graphics
Towards intuitive exploration tools for data visualization in VR
VRST '02 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
A Hybrid 2D / 3D User Interface for Immersive Object Modeling
CGI '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Graphics International
Hand-Held Windows: Towards Effective 2D Interaction in Immersive Virtual Environments
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
VR '01 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality 2001 Conference (VR'01)
VRMosaic: WEB access from within a virtual environment
INFOVIS '95 Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization
Precise and Rapid Interaction through Scaled Manipulation in Immersive Virtual Environments
VR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Conference 2005 on Virtual Reality
The Virtual Venue: User-Computer Interaction in Information-Rich Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
The Educational Value of an Information-Rich Virtual Environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Spring-based manipulation tools for virtual environments
EGVE'01 Proceedings of the 7th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments & 5th Immersive Projection Technology
Feature tracking in VR for cumulus cloud life-cycle studies
EGVE'05 Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
IntenSelect: using dynamic object rating for assisting 3D object selection
EGVE'05 Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
Enhanced hand manipulation for efficient and precise positioning and release
EGVE'05 Proceedings of the 11th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
A reprocessing tool for quantitative data analysis in a virtual environment
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Model-driven development of interactive and integrated 2D and 3D user interfaces using MML
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on 3D Web Technology
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Hybrid user interfaces (UIs) integrate well-known 2D user interface elements into the 3D virtual environment, and provide a familiar and portable interface across a variety of VR systems. However, their usability is often reduced by accuracy and speed, caused by inaccuracies in tracking and a lack of constraints and feedback. To ease these difficulties often large widgets and bulky interface elements must be used, which, at the same time, limit the size of the 3D workspace and restrict the space where other supplemental 2D information can be displayed. In this paper, we present two developments addressing this problem: supportive user interaction and a new implementation of a hybrid interface. First, we describe a small set of tightly integrated 2D windows we developed with the goal of providing increased flexibility in the UI and reducing UI clutter. Next we present extensions to our supportive selection technique, IntenSelect. To better cope with a variety of VR and UI tasks, we extended the selection assistance technique to include direct selection, spring-based manipulation, and specialized snapping behavior. Finally, we relate how the effective integration of these two developments eases some of the UI restrictions and produces a more comfortable VR experience.