A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Object Recognition from Local Scale-Invariant Features
ICCV '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision-Volume 2 - Volume 2
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
SMI '04 Proceedings of the Shape Modeling International 2004
Three-Dimensional Face Recognition
International Journal of Computer Vision
Overview of the Face Recognition Grand Challenge
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Empirical Evaluation of Advanced Ear Biometrics
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
Performance of Geometrix ActiveID^TM 3D Face Recognition Engine on the FRGC Data
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
A 3D Facial Expression Database For Facial Behavior Research
FGR '06 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
3D Face Recognition Using 3D Alignment for PCA
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Multiple Nose Region Matching for 3D Face Recognition under Varying Facial Expression
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Description and retrieval of 3D face models using iso-geodesic stripes
MIR '06 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international workshop on Multimedia information retrieval
Combined 2D/3D Face Recognition Using Log-Gabor Templates
AVSS '06 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Video and Signal Based Surveillance
3D Face Recognition with Region Committee Voting
3DPVT '06 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission (3DPVT'06)
An Automatic 3D Ear Recognition System
3DPVT '06 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission (3DPVT'06)
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Automatic Panoramic Image Stitching using Invariant Features
International Journal of Computer Vision
An Efficient Multimodal 2D-3D Hybrid Approach to Automatic Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Local velocity-adapted motion events for spatio-temporal recognition
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Surface matching with salient keypoints in geodesic scale space
Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds - CASA'2008 Special Issue
An Expression Deformation Approach to Non-rigid 3D Face Recognition
International Journal of Computer Vision
Bosphorus Database for 3D Face Analysis
Biometrics and Identity Management
A 3D face matching framework for facial curves
Graphical Models
3D Face Recognition using Euclidean Integral Invariants Signature
SSP '07 Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE/SP 14th Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing
Automatic 3D face recognition from depth and intensity Gabor features
Pattern Recognition
Nasal Region-Based 3D Face Recognition under Pose and Expression Variations
ICB '09 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics
Local feature extraction and matching on range images: 2.5D SIFT
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
A survey of approaches and challenges in 3D and multi-modal 3D+2D face recognition
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
n-SIFT: n-dimensional scale invariant feature transform
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
3D Face Recognition Using Simulated Annealing and the Surface Interpenetration Measure
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
BTAS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Biometrics: Theory, applications and systems
Partial matching of interpose 3D facial data for face recognition
BTAS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Biometrics: Theory, applications and systems
An efficient 3D face recognition algorithm
NTMS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on New technologies, mobility and security
3D Face Recognition Using Isogeodesic Stripes
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
3D face recognition based on local shape patterns and sparse representation classifier
MMM'11 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Advances in multimedia modeling - Volume Part I
Fast and Accurate 3D Face Recognition
International Journal of Computer Vision
3D face recognition based on sparse representation
The Journal of Supercomputing
2.5D face recognition using Patch Geodesic Moments
Pattern Recognition
Using Facial Symmetry to Handle Pose Variations in Real-World 3D Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
3D partial face matching using local shape descriptors
J-HGBU '11 Proceedings of the 2011 joint ACM workshop on Human gesture and behavior understanding
Exploring facial expression effects in 3d face recognition using partial ICP
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Face recognition using 2d and 3d multimodal local features
ISVC'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in Visual Computing - Volume Part I
A survey of 3d face recognition methods
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Isometric deformation invariant 3D shape recognition
Pattern Recognition
A Region Ensemble for 3-D Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Symmetric surface-feature based 3D face recognition for partial data
IJCB '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Joint Conference on Biometrics
IJCB '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Joint Conference on Biometrics
SHREC'11 track: 3D face models retrieval
EG 3DOR'11 Proceedings of the 4th Eurographics conference on 3D Object Retrieval
Geometric histograms of 3D keypoints for face identification with missing parts
3DOR '13 Proceedings of the Sixth Eurographics Workshop on 3D Object Retrieval
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Matching 3D faces for recognition is a challenging task caused by the presence of expression variations, missing data, and outliers. In this paper the meshSIFT algorithm and its use for 3D face recognition is presented. This algorithm consists of four major components. First, salient points on the 3D facial surface are detected as mean curvature extrema in scale space. Second, orientations are assigned to each of these salient points. Third, the neighbourhood of each salient point is described in a feature vector consisting of concatenated histograms of shape indices and slant angles. Fourth, the feature vectors of two 3D facial surfaces are reliably matched by comparing the angles in feature space. This results in an algorithm which is robust to expression variations, missing data and outliers. As a first contribution, we demonstrate that the number of matching meshSIFT features is a reliable measure for expression-invariant face recognition, as shown by the rank 1 recognition rate of 93.7% and 89.6% for the Bosphorus and FRGC v2 database, respectively. Next, we demonstrate that symmetrising the feature descriptors allows comparing two 3D facial surfaces with limited or no overlap. Validation on the data of the ''SHREC'11: Face Scans'' contest, containing many partial scans, resulted in a recognition rate of 98.6%, clearly outperforming all other participants in the challenge. Finally, we also demonstrate the use of meshSIFT for two other problems related with 3D face recognition: pose normalisation and symmetry plane estimation. For both problems, applying meshSIFT in combination with RANSAC resulted in a correct solution for +/-90% of all Bosphorus database meshes (except +/-90^o and +/-45^o rotations).