The human factors of computer graphics interaction techniques
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
High precision touchscreens: design strategies and comparisons with a mouse
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
A survey of design issues in spatial input
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Object associations: a simple and practical approach to virtual 3D manipulation
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Tangible bits: towards seamless interfaces between people, bits and atoms
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
The Rockin'Mouse: integral 3D manipulation on a plane
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human factors in computing systems
Usability analysis of 3D rotation techniques
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
QuickSet: multimodal interaction for distributed applications
MULTIMEDIA '97 Proceedings of the fifth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
User performance in relation to 3D input device design
ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
A multi-touch three dimensional touch-sensitive tablet
CHI '85 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Rotating virtual objects with real handles
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The VideoMouse: a camera-based multi-degree-of-freedom input device
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The role of kinesthetic reference frames in two-handed input performance
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Issues and techniques in touch-sensitive tablet input
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A study in interactive 3-D rotation using 2-D control devices
SIGGRAPH '88 Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Real-Time Fingertip Tracking and Gesture Recognition
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
High precision touch screen interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A three-state model of graphical input
INTERACT '90 Proceedings of the IFIP TC13 Third Interational Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Low-cost multi-touch sensing through frustrated total internal reflection
Proceedings of the 18th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Hover widgets: using the tracking state to extend the capabilities of pen-operated devices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Precise selection techniques for multi-touch screens
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Direct-touch vs. mouse input for tabletop displays
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Multimodal interactive maps: designing for human performance
Human-Computer Interaction
An exploration of multi-finger interaction on multi-touch surfaces
An exploration of multi-finger interaction on multi-touch surfaces
Usability Evaluation of a Spoken Data-Entry Interface
ICMCS '99 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2
Empirical evaluation for finger input properties in multi-touch interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The design and evaluation of multi-finger mouse emulation techniques
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A tablet-based 3D interaction tool for virtual engineering environments
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry
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The area of multitouch interaction research is at its infancy. The commercial sector has seen an exponential growth in this area with ubiquitous products like Apple i-Phone, i-Pad, and Microsoft surface table. In spite of their popularity, developers are still finding it difficult to extend this novel interface to engineering applications such as computer aided design (CAD), due to insufficient understanding of the factors that affect the multitouch interface interaction when applied to CAD operations. The objective of this research is to (1) outline the key elements of the multitouch interface for CAD, (2) identify the factors affecting the performance of a multitouch enabled CAD modeling environment, and (3) lay a foundation for future research and highlight the directions for extending the multitouch interface for CAD and other engineering applications. To demonstrate specific results we have conducted mouse emulation experiments. We compared the performance of two finger touch-based interaction techniques (drag state finger touch and track state finger touch) and a standard mouse device for 3D CAD modeling operations. The results indicated that both the task completion time and error rates are statistically the same for both the finger touch-based techniques. However, the error concentration observed from the experiments revealed that for the edge selection tasks, the track state technique is more suited than the drag state technique. Both the finger touch-based techniques suffered from precise dimension control while executing the tasks. The inclusion of a grid on the design space for modeling purpose reduced user errors. The mouse device outperformed both the finger touch-based techniques and yielded statistically better results in terms of task completion time and error rates.