The Reyes image rendering architecture
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A language for shading and lighting calculations
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A Sorting Classification of Parallel Rendering
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Fundamentals of surface voxelization
Graphical Models and Image Processing
Sampling procedural shaders using affine arithmetic
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Adaptively sampled distance fields: a general representation of shape for computer graphics
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
PostScript Language Reference Manual
PostScript Language Reference Manual
A procedural approach to authoring solid models
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Cg: a system for programming graphics hardware in a C-like language
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
LLVM: A Compilation Framework for Lifelong Program Analysis & Transformation
Proceedings of the international symposium on Code generation and optimization: feedback-directed and runtime optimization
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
PCU: the programmable culling unit
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
Automatic pre-tessellation culling
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Fabricating microgeometry for custom surface reflectance
ACM SIGGRAPH 2009 papers
Physical reproduction of materials with specified subsurface scattering
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
Design and fabrication of materials with desired deformation behavior
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
Fast parallel surface and solid voxelization on GPUs
ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2010 papers
Stress relief: improving structural strength of 3D printable objects
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2012 Conference Proceedings
ShadowPix: Multiple Images from Self Shadowing
Computer Graphics Forum
Chopper: partitioning models into 3D-printable parts
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2012
An optimizing compiler for automatic shader bounding
EGSR'10 Proceedings of the 21st Eurographics conference on Rendering
Spec2Fab: a reducer-tuner model for translating specifications to 3D prints
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
Spec2Fab: a reducer-tuner model for translating specifications to 3D prints
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
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3D printing hardware is rapidly scaling up to output continuous mixtures of multiple materials at increasing resolution over ever larger print volumes. This poses an enormous computational challenge: large high-resolution prints comprise trillions of voxels and petabytes of data and simply modeling and describing the input with spatially varying material mixtures at this scale is challenging. Existing 3D printing software is insufficient; in particular, most software is designed to support only a few million primitives, with discrete material choices per object. We present OpenFab, a programmable pipeline for synthesis of multi-material 3D printed objects that is inspired by RenderMan and modern GPU pipelines. The pipeline supports procedural evaluation of geometric detail and material composition, using shader-like fablets, allowing models to be specified easily and efficiently. We describe a streaming architecture for OpenFab; only a small fraction of the final volume is stored in memory and output is fed to the printer with little startup delay. We demonstrate it on a variety of multi-material objects.