Proceedings of the 29th annual ACM/IEEE international symposium on Microarchitecture
Advanced compiler design and implementation
Advanced compiler design and implementation
Design and Evaluation of System-Level Checks for On-Line Control Flow Error Detection
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Transient fault detection via simultaneous multithreading
Proceedings of the 27th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
ED4I: Error Detection by Diverse Data and Duplicated Instructions
IEEE Transactions on Computers - Special issue on fault-tolerant embedded systems
Concurrent Error Detection Using Watchdog Processors-A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Modeling the Effect of Technology Trends on the Soft Error Rate of Combinational Logic
DSN '02 Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks
Region-based hierarchical operation partitioning for multicluster processors
PLDI '03 Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2003 conference on Programming language design and implementation
AR-SMT: A Microarchitectural Approach to Fault Tolerance in Microprocessors
FTCS '99 Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing
Soft-Error Detection Using Control Flow Assertions
DFT '03 Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems
Proceedings of the 36th annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
LLVM: A Compilation Framework for Lifelong Program Analysis & Transformation
Proceedings of the international symposium on Code generation and optimization: feedback-directed and runtime optimization
Characterizing the Effects of Transient Faults on a High-Performance Processor Pipeline
DSN '04 Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks
Commercial Fault Tolerance: A Tale of Two Systems
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
SWIFT: Software Implemented Fault Tolerance
Proceedings of the international symposium on Code generation and optimization
Opportunistic Transient-Fault Detection
Proceedings of the 32nd annual international symposium on Computer Architecture
NonStop® Advanced Architecture
DSN '05 Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks
Software-controlled fault tolerance
ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO)
Software-Based Transparent and Comprehensive Control-Flow Error Detection
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization
ReStore: Symptom-Based Soft Error Detection in Microprocessors
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
Watchdog Processors and Structural Integrity Checking
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Application-Level Correctness and its Impact on Fault Tolerance
HPCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE 13th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture
Compilers: Principles, Techniques, & Tools with Gradiance
Compilers: Principles, Techniques, & Tools with Gradiance
Control-flow integrity principles, implementations, and applications
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)
Architecture Design for Soft Errors
Architecture Design for Soft Errors
Shoestring: probabilistic soft error reliability on the cheap
Proceedings of the fifteenth edition of ASPLOS on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Statistical fault injection: quantified error and confidence
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
CEDA: Control-Flow Error Detection Using Assertions
IEEE Transactions on Computers
ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News
Encore: low-cost, fine-grained transient fault recovery
Proceedings of the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Efficient soft error protection for commodity embedded microprocessors using profile information
Proceedings of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED International Conference on Languages, Compilers, Tools and Theory for Embedded Systems
Control-flow integrity principles, implementations, and applications
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)
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The continual trend of shrinking feature sizes and reducing voltage levels makes transistors faster and more efficient. However, it also makes them more susceptible to transient hardware faults. Transient faults due to high energy particle strikes or circuit crosstalk can corrupt the output of a program or cause it to crash. Previous studies have reported that as much as 70% of the transient faults disturb program control flow, making it critical to protect control flow. Traditional approaches employ signatures to check that every control flow transfer in a program is valid. While having high fault coverage, large performance overheads are introduced by such detailed checking. We propose a coarse-grain control flow checking method to detect transient faults in a cost effective way. Our software-only approach is centered on the principle of abstraction: control flow that exhibits simple run-time properties (e.g., proper path length) is almost always completely correct. Our solution targets off-the-shelf commodity embedded systems to provide a low cost protection against transient faults. The proposed technique achieves its efficiency by simplifying signature calculations in each basic block and by performing checking at a coarse-grain level. The coarse-grain signature comparison points are obtained by the use of a region based analysis. In addition, we propose a technique to protect control flow transfers via call and return instructions to ensure all control flow is covered by our technique. Overall, our proposed technique has an average of 11% performance overhead in comparison to 75% performance overhead of previously proposed signature based techniques while maintaining approximately the same degree of fault coverage.