The media equation: how people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places
Physiological responses to different WEB page designs
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Application of affective computing in humanComputer interaction
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Understanding experience in interactive systems
DIS '04 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques
Technology as Experience
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
Measuring emotional valence to understand the user's experience of software
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Evaluating the consistency of immediate aesthetic perceptions of web pages
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
DPPI '07 Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces
Validating the Fun Toolkit: an instrument for measuring children’s opinions of technology
Cognition, Technology and Work
Consideration of Multiple Components of Emotions in Human-Technology Interaction
Affect and Emotion in Human-Computer Interaction
User experience (UX): towards an experiential perspective on product quality
Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of the Association Francophone d'Interaction Homme-Machine
Understanding, scoping and defining user experience: a survey approach
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: interaction design and usability
Needs, affect, and interactive products - Facets of user experience
Interacting with Computers
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
PMRI: development of a pictorial mood reporting instrument
CHI '11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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In this paper the development process and validation of the LEMtool (Layered Emotion Measurement tool) are described. The LEMtool consists of eight images that display a cartoon figure expressing four positive and four negative emotions using facial expressions and body postures. The instrument can be used during interaction with a visual interface, such as a website, and allows participants to select elements of the interface that elicit a certain emotion. The images of the cartoon figure were submitted to a validation study, in which participants rated the recognizability of the images as specific emotions. All images were found to be recognizable above chance level. In another study, the LEMtool was used to assess visual appeal judgements of a number of web pages. The LEMtool ratings were supported by visual appeal ratings of web pages both for very brief (50 milliseconds) and for long (free-viewing) stimulus exposures. Furthermore, the instrument provided insight into the elements of the web pages that elicited the emotional responses.