MASSIVE: a collaborative virtual environment for teleconferencing
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on virtual reality software and technology
Three-tiered interest management for large-scale virtual environments
VRST '98 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Networked virtual environments: design and implementation
Networked virtual environments: design and implementation
Interactive Multiuser VEs in the DIVE System
IEEE MultiMedia
A Taxonomy for Networked Virtual Environments
IEEE MultiMedia
Extending Locales: Awareness Management in MASSIVE-3
VR '00 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2000 Conference
VRAIS '95 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS'95)
Using projection aggregations to support scalability in distributed simulation
ICDCS '96 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS '96)
Introducing third party objects into the spatial model of interaction
ECSCW'97 Proceedings of the fifth conference on European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
VRST '01 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
ATLAS: a scalable network framework for distributed virtual environments
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Collaborative virtual environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Comparing interest management algorithms for massively multiplayer games
NetGames '06 Proceedings of 5th ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Network and system support for games
ATLAS: A Scalable Network Framework for Distributed Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
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As distributed virtual environment (DVE) scales in terms of users and network latency, a key aspect to consider is scalability for interactive performance because a large number of objects likely impose heavy burden especially on the network and computational resources. To improve the scalability, various relevance-filtering mechanisms and aggregation mechanisms have been proposed. However the existing filtering mechanisms do not scale well in terms of interactive performance as the number of users increases and crowds in a specific place.In this paper, we propose a new scalable filtering scheme that reduces the number of messages by dynamically grouping users based on their interests and distance. Within a group, members communicate with each other with high fidelity. However, a representative sends up-to-dated group information of members with low transmission frequency when they are not of immediate interest but are still within the interest area. The representative is elected from members of the group in distributed manner. The proposed scheme enhances the interactive performance scalability of large-scale DVE systems as much as 18% compared with the existing approach.