Walking walking-in-place flying, in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An experimental study on the role of touch in shared virtual environments
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction and collaborative virtual environments
Measuring Presence: A Response to the Witmer and Singer Presence Questionnaire
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Using Presence Questionnaires in Reality
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
A direct comparison of presence levels in text-based and graphics-based virtual environments
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Computer graphics, virtual Reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa
A comparative study of presence in virtual reality vs. presence in the real world
ACM-SE 42 Proceedings of the 42nd annual Southeast regional conference
The benefits of third-person perspective in virtual and augmented reality?
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Personal space in virtual reality
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Improving presence theory through experiential design
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
An analysis of eye scanpath entropy in a progressively forming virtual environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Wiimote vs. controller: electroencephalographic measurement of affective gameplay interaction
Futureplay '10 Proceedings of the International Academic Conference on the Future of Game Design and Technology
Breaks in presence in virtual environments: An analysis of blood flow velocity responses
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Presence and general principles of brain function
Interacting with Computers
From the body to the tools and back: A general framework for presence in mediated interactions
Interacting with Computers
Best Practices for the Design and Development of Ethical Learning Video Games
International Journal of Cyber Ethics in Education
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This paper discusses the notion that presence may be considered as a selection mechanism that organizes the stream of sensory data into an environmental gestalt or perceptual hypothesis about current environment. A particular environmental gestalt results in scan-sensing of the world in a particular pattern reminiscent of saccades and fixations in eye scan paths. The environment hypothesis is continually reverified or else a break in presence occurs. Presence is therefore compared to visual hypothesis selection in the work of Richard Gregory and Lawrence Stark. The implications for measurement are discussed, and it is concluded that physiological measures indicating breaks in presence are worthy of study, and that the study of presence is also the study of what maintains an environmental gestalt.