Incorporating the Torrance and Sparrow Model of Reflectance in Uncalibrated Photometric Stereo

  • Authors:

  • Athinodoros S. Georghiades

  • Affiliations:

  • -

  • Venue:
  • ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

Under the Lambertian reflectance model, uncalibrated photometricstereo with unknown light sources is inherentlyambiguous. In this paper, we consider the use of a moregeneral reflectance model, namely the Torrance and Sparrowmodel, in uncalibrated photometric stereo. We demonstratethat this can not only resolve the ambiguity when thelight sources are unknown, but can also result in more accuratesurface reconstructions and can capture the reflectanceproperties of a large number of non-Lambertian surfaces.Our method uses single light source images with unknownlighting and no knowledge about the parameters of the reflectancemodel. It can recover the 3-D shape of surfaces(up to the binary convex/concave ambiguity) together withtheir reflectance properties. We have successfully tested ouralgorithm on a variety of non-Lambertian surfaces demonstratingthe effectiveness of our approach. In the case ofhuman faces, the estimated skin reflectance has been shownto closely resemble the measured skin reflectance reportedin the literature. We also demonstrate improved recognitionresults on 4050 images of 10 faces with variable lightingand viewpoint when the synthetic image-based representationsof the faces are generated using the surface reconstructionsand reflectance properties recovered while assumingthe extended reflectance model.