Database design for information retrieval: a conceptual approach
Database design for information retrieval: a conceptual approach
A review of web searching studies and a framework for future research
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Modern Information Retrieval
Finding the flow in web site search
Communications of the ACM
Gender differences in collaborative web searching behavior: an elementary school study
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Optimizing search engines using clickthrough data
Proceedings of the eighth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
ACM SIGIR Forum
Depth- and breadth-first processing of search result lists
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Understanding user goals in web search
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web
Integration of multiple evidences based on a query type for web search
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Eye-tracking analysis of user behavior in WWW search
Proceedings of the 27th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
How are we searching the World Wide Web? A comparison of nine search engine transaction logs
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal - Special issue: Formal methods for information retrieval
What are you looking for?: an eye-tracking study of information usage in web search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An eye tracking study of the effect of target rank on web search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Contextual factors affecting the utility of surrogates within exploratory search
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Differences between informational and transactional tasks in information seeking on the web
Proceedings of the second international symposium on Information interaction in context
Task Effects on Interactive Search: The Query Factor
Focused Access to XML Documents
What do you see when you're surfing?: using eye tracking to predict salient regions of web pages
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
What Is End-User Software Engineering and Why Does It Matter?
IS-EUD '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on End-User Development
What do exploratory searchers look at in a faceted search interface?
Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries
When more is less: the paradox of choice in search engine use
Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
An Analysis of Eye Movements during Browsing Multiple Search Results Pages
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Part I: New Trends
Methods for Evaluating Interactive Information Retrieval Systems with Users
Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval
Mining problem-solving strategies from HCI data
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
From Keyword Search to Exploration: Designing Future Search Interfaces for the Web
Foundations and Trends in Web Science
Gender demographic targeting in sponsored search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Mobile information search for location-based information
Computers in Industry
Search behaviors in different task types
Proceedings of the 10th annual joint conference on Digital libraries
The demographics of web search
Proceedings of the 33rd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Individual differences in gaze patterns for web search
Proceedings of the third symposium on Information interaction in context
A new focus on end users: eye-tracking analysis for digital libraries
ECDL'10 Proceedings of the 14th European conference on Research and advanced technology for digital libraries
An exploration of the relationships between work tasks and users' interaction performance
Proceedings of the 73rd ASIS&T Annual Meeting on Navigating Streams in an Information Ecosystem - Volume 47
The use of relevance criteria during predictive judgment: an eye tracking approach
Proceedings of the 73rd ASIS&T Annual Meeting on Navigating Streams in an Information Ecosystem - Volume 47
No clicks, no problem: using cursor movements to understand and improve search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
From gaze plots to eye fixation patterns using a clustering method based on Hausdorff distances
23rd French Speaking Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Electronic Commerce Research and Applications
Incorporating revisiting behaviors into click models
Proceedings of the fifth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining
Large-scale analysis of individual and task differences in search result page examination strategies
Proceedings of the fifth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining
Social annotations in web search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Web-based interaction: A review of three important human factors
International Journal of Information Management: The Journal for Information Professionals
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research
A user study of web search session behaviour using eye tracking data
BCS-HCI '12 Proceedings of the 26th Annual BCS Interaction Specialist Group Conference on People and Computers
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
The impact of task phrasing on the choice of search keywords and on the search process and success
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Evaluating the performance of demographic targeting using gender in sponsored search
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Comparing scanning behaviour in web search on small and large screens
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Australasian Document Computing Symposium
End-User Software Engineering and Why it Matters
Journal of Organizational and End User Computing
The gender-brand effect of key phrases on user clicks in sponsored search
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Inferring the demographics of search users: social data meets search queries
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on World Wide Web
Measuring personalization of web search
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on World Wide Web
Searching the Web for conflicting topics: Page and user factors
Computers in Human Behavior
You have e-mail, what happens next? Tracking the eyes for genre
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Recognition of understanding level and language skill using measurements of reading behavior
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Intelligent User Interfaces
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To improve search engine effectiveness, we have observed an increased interest in gathering additional feedback about users' information needs that goes beyond the queries they type in. Adaptive search engines use explicit and implicit feed-back indicators to model users or search tasks. In order to create appropriate models, it is essential to understand how users interact with search engines, including the determining factors of their actions. Using eye tracking, we extend this understanding by analyzing the sequences and patterns with which users evaluate query result returned to them when using Google. We find that the query result abstracts are viewed in the order of their ranking in only about one fifth of the cases, and only an average of about three abstracts per result page are viewed at all. We also compare search behavior variability with respect to different classes of users and different classes of search tasks to reveal whether user models or task models may be greater predictors of behavior. We discover that gender and task significantly influence different kinds of search behaviors discussed here. The results are suggestive of improvements to query-based search interface designs with respect to both their use of space and workflow.