On the performance and use of dense servers
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Energy conservation in heterogeneous server clusters
Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming
Power-performance considerations of parallel computing on chip multiprocessors
ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO)
Power phase variation in a commercial server workload
Proceedings of the 2006 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Mercury and freon: temperature emulation and management for server systems
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Making scheduling "cool": temperature-aware workload placement in data centers
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Online Web Cluster Capacity Estimation and Its Application to Energy Conservation
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
VirtualPower: coordinated power management in virtualized enterprise systems
Proceedings of twenty-first ACM SIGOPS symposium on Operating systems principles
Attaining soft real-time constraint and energy-efficiency in web servers
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Vpm tokens: virtual machine-aware power budgeting in datacenters
HPDC '08 Proceedings of the 17th international symposium on High performance distributed computing
Multi-mode energy management for multi-tier server clusters
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques
pMapper: power and migration cost aware application placement in virtualized systems
Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Conference on Middleware
VPM tokens: virtual machine-aware power budgeting in datacenters
Cluster Computing
Energy-Efficient Process Allocation Algorithms in Peer-to-Peer Systems
SEUS '09 Proceedings of the 7th IFIP WG 10.2 International Workshop on Software Technologies for Embedded and Ubiquitous Systems
Power optimization for dynamic configuration in heterogeneous web server clusters
Journal of Systems and Software
A cyber-physical systems approach to energy management in data centers
Proceedings of the 1st ACM/IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems
On energy management, load balancing and replication
ACM SIGMOD Record
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and Multimedia
Server workload analysis for power minimization using consolidation
USENIX'09 Proceedings of the 2009 conference on USENIX Annual technical conference
Wimpy node clusters: what about non-wimpy workloads?
Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Data Management on New Hardware
Modelling of staged routing for reduced carbon footprints of large server clusters
International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems
Energy management for MapReduce clusters
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
Green server design: beyond operational energy to sustainability
HotPower'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Power aware computing and systems
Power Control by Distribution Tree with Classified Power Capping in Cloud Computing
GREENCOM-CPSCOM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on Green Computing and Communications & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing
Power efficient scheduling heuristics for energy conservation in computational grids
The Journal of Supercomputing
Low-energy automated scheduling of computing resources
Proceedings of the 1st ACM/IEEE workshop on Autonomic computing in economics
A dynamic energy conservation scheme for clusters in computing centers
ICESS'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Embedded Software and Systems
Power-aware linear programming based scheduling for heterogeneous computer clusters
Future Generation Computer Systems
A performance and energy optimization mechanism for cooperation-oriented multiple server clusters
Future Generation Computer Systems
Totally green: evaluating and designing servers for lifecycle environmental impact
ASPLOS XVII Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
CPU packing for multiprocessor power reduction
PACS'03 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Power - Aware Computer Systems
Barely alive memory servers: Keeping data active in a low-power state
ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems (JETC)
PowerTracer: tracing requests in multi-tier services to diagnose energy inefficiency
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Autonomic computing
Power-aware resource allocation for CPU-and memory-intense internet services
E2DC'12 Proceedings of the First international conference on Energy Efficient Data Centers
Themis: energy efficient management of workloads in virtualized data centers
Euro-Par'12 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Parallel processing workshops
Energy efficiency for MapReduce workloads: an in-depth study
ADC '12 Proceedings of the Twenty-Third Australasian Database Conference - Volume 124
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Power-performance optimization is a relatively new problem area particularly in the context of server clusters. Power-aware request distribution is a method of scheduling service requests among servers in a cluster so that energy consumption is minimized, while maintaining a particular level of performance. Energy efficiency is obtained by powering-down some servers when the desired quality of service can be met with fewer servers. We have found that it is critical to take into account the system and workload factors during both the design and the evaluation of such request distribution schemes. We identify the key system and workload factors that impact such policies and their effectiveness in saving energy. We measure a web cluster running an industry-standard commercial web workload to demonstrate that understanding this system-workload context is critical to performing valid evaluations and even for improving the energy-saving schemes.