A language for shading and lighting calculations
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Generating textures on arbitrary surfaces using reaction-diffusion
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Modeling pigmented materials for realistic image synthesis
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Reflection from layered surfaces due to subsurface scattering
SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Efficient algorithms for local and global accessibility shading
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Flow and changes in appearance
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Texturing and Modeling
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Light reflection functions for simulation of clouds and dusty surfaces
SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
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An important component that has been missing from image synthesis is the effect of weathering. In this paper, we present an approach for the modeling and rendering of one type of weathering --- metallic patinas. A patina is a film or incrustation on a surface that is produced by the removal of material, the addition of material, or the chemical alteration of a surface. Oxidation, sulphidization, and painting are examples of phenomena that produce patinas.We represent a surface as a series of layers. Patinas are simulated with a collection of operators, such as "coat," "erode," and "polish," which are applied to the layered structure. The development of patinas is modulated according to an object's geometry and local environmental factors. We introduce a technique to model the reflectance and transmission of light through the layered structure using the Kubelka-Munk model. This representation yields a model that can simulate many aspects of the time-dependent appearance of metals as they are exposed to the atmosphere or treated chemically. We demonstrate the approach with a collection of copper models.