A Programmable Parallel VLSI Architecture for 2-D Discrete Wavelet Transform
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems - Parallel VLSI architectures for image and video processing
A Parallel Architecture for the 2-D Discrete Wavelet Transform with Integer Lifting Scheme
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems - Parallel VLSI architectures for image and video processing
Custom Memory Management Methodology: Exploration of Memory Organisation for Embedded Multimedia System Design
JPEG 2000: Image Compression Fundamentals, Standards and Practice
JPEG 2000: Image Compression Fundamentals, Standards and Practice
High-Level Cache Modeling for 2-D Discrete Wavelet Transform Implementations
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems
Array Placement for Storage Size Reduction in Embedded Multimedia Systems
ASAP '97 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Application-Specific Systems, Architectures and Processors
Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering
Motion estimation using low-band-shift method for wavelet-based moving-picture coding
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Optimal memory organization for scalable texture codecs in MPEG-4
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Scalable wavelet coding for synthetic/natural hybrid images
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
A resolution and frame-rate scalable subband/wavelet video coder
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Evaluation of design alternatives for the 2-D-discrete wavelet transform
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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Powerful multimedia applications are running more and more on very compact and resource-scarce, portable systems. As a consequence, system design optimization, its associated time-to-market constraints and the required automated tool support are becoming increasingly important issues, especially in situations where product derivatives and extensions introduce unforeseen and possibly dramatic constraints in the system optimization process. Nevertheless, the system designer remains an irreplaceable cornerstone for steering the whole system optimization process. This paper presents the relationship of aforementioned aspects in the context of optimizing data access to memory, which is the dominant factor determining the system-on-a-chip area, data throughput and power consumption. The case study of a 1D and 2D forward and inverse wavelet transform, interacting with surrounding system modules imposed by current multimedia compression standards, leads the reader through the peculiar technical counter-measures and script-based optimization steps to be followed for reaching a satisfactory global optimization. In particular, the data dependencies between the different functional modules are shown to be crucial in the memory optimization process and lead to non-trivial/counter-intuitive decision takings that can increase the energy consumption gains compared to more commonly-accepted, though suboptimal approaches. An example is the counter-intuitive observation that though JPEG2000 uses independently entropy coded blocks over its wavelet subbands, it requires more memory because of "hidden" data dependencies, than its zero-tree based MPEG-4 counterpart, whose intricate entropy coding spreads over all the subbands. Hence, to achieve an overall optimal implementation with good trade-offs between efficiency and cost, it is strongly suggested that algorithmic and implementation designers should co-operate in early stages of the multimedia systems design, facilitated by high-level memory cost estimation analyses.