A Method for Registration of 3-D Shapes
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence - Special issue on interpretation of 3-D scenes—part II
Comparison and Combination of Ear and Face Images in Appearance-Based Biometrics
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Contour Matching for 3D Ear Recognition
WACV-MOTION '05 Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE Workshops on Application of Computer Vision (WACV/MOTION'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Empirical Evaluation of Advanced Ear Biometrics
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
An Automatic 3D Ear Recognition System
3DPVT '06 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission (3DPVT'06)
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Biometric Recognition Using 3D Ear Shape
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An Efficient Multimodal 2D-3D Hybrid Approach to Automatic Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Keypoint Detection and Local Feature Matching for Textured 3D Face Recognition
International Journal of Computer Vision
Fast and Fully Automatic Ear Detection Using Cascaded AdaBoost
WACV '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision
Force field feature extraction for ear biometrics
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Recent advances in ear biometrics
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
ICIAR '09 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition
Efficient Detection and Recognition of 3D Ears
International Journal of Computer Vision
A review of recent advances in 3D ear- and expression-invariant face biometrics
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
A rotation and scale invariant technique for ear detection in 3D
Pattern Recognition Letters
Multibiometric human recognition using 3D ear and face features
Pattern Recognition
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Sensitivity of global features to pose, illumination and scale variations encouraged researchers to use local features for object representation and recognition. Availability of 3D scanners also made the use of 3D data (which is less affected by such variations compared to its 2D counterpart) very popular in computer vision applications. In this paper, an approach is proposed for human ear recognition based on robust 3D local features. The features are constructed on distinctive locations in the 3D ear data with an approximated surface around them based on the neighborhood information. Correspondences are then established between gallery and probe features and the two data sets are aligned based on these correspondences. A minimal rectangular subset of the whole 3D ear data only containing the corresponding features is then passed to the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm for final recognition. Experiments were performed on the UND biometric database and the proposed system achieved 90, 94 and 96 percent recognition rate for rank one, two and three respectively. The approach is fully automatic, comparatively very fast and makes on assumption about the localization of the nose or the ear pit, unlike previous works on ear recognition.