Designing for usability: key principles and what designers think
Communications of the ACM
A spiral model of software development and enhancement
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
Joint application design: how to design quality systems in 40% less time
Joint application design: how to design quality systems in 40% less time
Rapid application development
Interactive Systems: Bridging the Gaps Between Developers and Users
Computer - Special issue on instruction sequencing
Obstacles to user involvement in software product development, with implications for CSCW
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - Computer-supported cooperative work and groupware. part 2
Cooperative prototyping: users and designers in mutual activity
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - Computer-supported cooperative work and groupware. part 2
Rapid prototyping in human-computer interface development
Interacting with Computers
Rapid prototyping: an effective technique for system development
Taking software design seriously
Requirements specification and the role of prototyping in current practice
Taking software design seriously
Open-ended interaction in cooperative prototyping a video-based analysis
Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
Design at work: cooperative design of computer systems
Design at work: cooperative design of computer systems
A retrospective look at PD projects
Communications of the ACM - Special issue Participatory Design
PD and joint application design: a transatlantic comparison
Communications of the ACM - Special issue Participatory Design
ACM SIGOIS Bulletin - Special issue: “Do users get what they want?” (DUG'93)
Helping CSCW applications succeed: the role of mediators in the context of use
CSCW '94 Proceedings of the 1994 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
The mentor project model: a model for experimental development of contract software
Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
Scenario-based design
Conceptions of the user in computer systems design
The social and interactional dimensions of human-computer interfaces
The social-technical design circle
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Problems integrating user participation into software development
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Rapid application development (RAD): an empirical review
European Journal of Information Systems
An assessment of the prototyping approach to information systems development
Communications of the ACM
Dsdm: The Method in Practice
Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design
Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design
Participatory Design: Issues and Concerns
Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Rapid Prototyping: Lessons Learned
IEEE Software
Work-Oriented Design of Computer Artifacts
Work-Oriented Design of Computer Artifacts
Mapping actors and agendas: political frameworks of systems design and participation
Human-Computer Interaction
Creating conditions for participation: conflicts and resources in systems development
Human-Computer Interaction
Reflections on a work-oriented design project
Human-Computer Interaction
The work of IT system developers in context: an organizational case study
Human-Computer Interaction
On "Technomethodologyn";: foundational relationships between ethnomethodology and system design
Human-Computer Interaction
One for all and all for one?: case studies of using prototypes in commercial projects
Proceedings of the second Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction
Assessing prototypes' role in design
Proceedings of the 20th annual international conference on Computer documentation
Electronic democracy and young people
Social Science Computer Review - E-government
A meta-analysis of the technology acceptance model
Information and Management
Reprint of a process model for developing usable cross-cultural websites
Interacting with Computers
Hi-index | 0.00 |
This article explores the consequences of the uncertainty introduced into the system-development life cycle by a prototyping approach and the practical strategies employed by developers in prototyping projects. Drawing on various strands of the sociology of technology, the article discusses findings from a multidisciplinary research project, which investigated the use of prototyping in commercial information systems development in the United Kingdom during the period 1995 to 1998. Qualitative semistructured interviews with commercial practitioners were followed by a series of mini case studies. We draw on interview and participant observation material and the practitioner literature on Rapid Application Development. In the course of the project, we encountered a variety of practical strategies that attempted to extend the sphere of developers' influence beyond the technical realm to affect (but not determine) how the user and customer participate in the development process. Various techniques attempt to create a climate of joint ownership and shared approaches to change management. For example, the role of an ambassador user encompasses shaping the environment in which the system will operate via information, training, and advocacy. Rather than a cause-and-effect model from user requirements to specification to implementation, developer strategies usefully can be considered in terms of sociological work on reflexive elaboration of networks. From this perspective, prototyping is more akin to trying to stabilize a network of evolving prototypes, user expectations, requirements, and working practices than meeting a fixed specification.