Diffusion-driven congestion reduction for substrate topological routing

Authors:
Shenghua Liu;Guoqiang Chen;Tom Tong Jing;Lei He;Robi Dutta;Xian-Long Hong
Affiliations:
Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;Magma Design Automation, Inc., San Jose, CA, USA;University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA;University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA;Magma Design Automation, Inc, San Jose, CA, USA;Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Venue:
Proceedings of the 2009 international symposium on Physical design
Year:
2009

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Abstract

Off-chip substrate routing for high density packages is challenging, and the existing substrate routing algorithms often result in a large number of unrouted nets that have to be routed manually. This paper develops an effective yet efficient diffusion-driven method D-Router to improve routability by a simulated diffusion process based on the duality between congestion and concentration. Compared with a recently published A*-based algorithm used in a state of the art commercial tool and with similar routability and runtime as the negotiation based routing, D-Router reduces the number of unrouted nets by 4.6x with up to 94x runtime reduction.