False prophets: exploring hybrid board/video games
CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Virtual object manipulation using a mobile phone
Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Augmented tele-existence
Wizard's apprentice gameplay-oriented design of a computer-augmented board game
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGCHI international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Sketches
Experiments in 3D interaction for mobile phone AR
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australia and Southeast Asia
Renegade gaming: practices surrounding social use of the Nintendo DS handheld gaming system
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Mobility and social interaction as core gameplay elements in multi-player augmented reality
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Digital Interactive Media in Entertainment and Arts
BragFish: exploring physical and social interaction in co-located handheld augmented reality games
ACE '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology
Parallel Tracking and Mapping for Small AR Workspaces
ISMAR '07 Proceedings of the 2007 6th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Robust and unobtrusive marker tracking on mobile phones
ISMAR '08 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Pose tracking from natural features on mobile phones
ISMAR '08 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Towards massively multi-user augmented reality on handheld devices
PERVASIVE'05 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Pervasive Computing
Picking pockets on the lawn: the development of tactics and strategies in a mobile game
UbiComp'05 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Ubiquitous Computing
Draw your own story: paper and pencil interactive storytelling
ICEC'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Entertainment Computing
Herding nerds on your table: NerdHerder, a mobile augmented reality game
CHI '12 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Collaborative visualization of engineering processes using tabletop augmented reality
Advances in Engineering Software
Augmented reality and tangible user interfaces integration for enhancing the user experience
Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry
Collaborative visualization of simulated processes using tabletop fiducial augmented reality
Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference
Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work
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In this paper, we present Art of Defense (AoD), a cooperative handheld augmented reality (AR) game. AoD is an example of what we call an AR Board Game, a class of tabletop games that combine handheld computers (such as camera phones) with physical game pieces to create a merged physical/virtual game on the table-top. This paper discusses the technical aspects of the game, the design rationale and process we followed, and the resulting player experience. The goal of this research is to explore the affordances and constraints of handheld AR interfaces for collaborative social games, and to create a game that leverages them as fully as possible. The results from the user study show that the game is fun to play, and that by tightly registering the virtual content with the tangible game pieces, tabletop AR games enable a kind of social play experience unlike non-AR computer games. We hope this research will inspire the creation of other handheld augmented reality games in the future, both on and off the tabletop.