Taking steps: the influence of a walking technique on presence in virtual reality
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on virtual reality software and technology
Walking walking-in-place flying, in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
Effect of Latency on Presence in Stressful Virtual Environments
VR '03 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2003
A Virtual Airplane for Fear of Flying Therapy
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
The sensitivity of presence to collision response
VRAIS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS '97)
Distance Perception in Immersive Virtual Environments, Revisited
VR '06 Proceedings of the IEEE conference on Virtual Reality
The perception of walking speed in a virtual environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Sharing and analyzing data from presence experiments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: 8th annual international workshop on presence II
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Using Presence Questionnaires in Reality
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Arch-Explore: A natural user interface for immersive architectural walkthroughs
3DUI '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces
Does a Gradual Transition to the Virtual World increase Presence?
VR '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference
Transitional environments enhance distance perception in immersive virtual reality systems
Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization
Estimation of Detection Thresholds for Redirected Walking Techniques
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
The perception of egocentric distances in virtual environments - A review
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
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Several experiments have provided evidence that ego-centric distances are perceived as compressed in immersive virtual environments relative to the real world. The principal factors responsible for this phenomenon have remained largely unknown. However, recent experiments suggest that when the virtual environment (VE) is an exact replica of a user's real physical surroundings, the person's distance perception improves. Based on this observation, it sounds reasonable that if subjects feel a high degree of situational awareness in a known VE, their ability for estimating distances may be much better compared to an unfamiliar virtual world. This raises the question, whether starting the virtual reality (VR) experience in such a virtual replica and gradually transiting to a different VE has potential to increase a person's sense of presence as well as distance perception skills in an unknown virtual world. In this case the virtual replica serves as transitional environment between reality and a virtual world. Although transitional environments are already applied in some VR demonstrations, until now it has not been verified whether such a gradual transition improves a user's VR experience. We have conducted two experiments to quantify to what extent a gradual transition to a virtual world via a transitional environment improves a person's level of presence and ability to estimate distances in the VE. We have found that the subjects' self-reported sense of presence shows significantly higher scores, and that the subjects' distance estimation skills in the VE improved significantly, when they entered the VE via a transitional environment.