Exploration and virtual camera control in virtual three dimensional environments
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Introduction to the theory of neural computation
Introduction to the theory of neural computation
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Premier issue
Musings on telepresence and virtual presence
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Premier issue
Implementation of flying, scaling and grabbing in virtual worlds
I3D '92 Proceedings of the 1992 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Cybersickness: perception of self-motion in virtual environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Being there: the subjective experience of presence
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Steps and ladders in virtual reality
VRST '94 Proceedings of the conference on Virtual reality software and technology
The influence of dynamic shadows on presence in immersive virtual environments
VE '95 Selected papers of the Eurographics workshops on Virtual environments '95
Six Generations of Building Walkthrough: Final Technical Report to the National Science Foundation
Six Generations of Building Walkthrough: Final Technical Report to the National Science Foundation
Efficient navigation around complex virtual environments
VRST '97 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Navigation guided by artificial force fields
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Understanding and constructing shared spaces with mixed-reality boundaries
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Walking walking-in-place flying, in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Towards preferences in virtual environment interfaces
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
Realizing a new step-in-place locomotion interface for virtual environment with large display system
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
Physiological measures of presence in stressful virtual environments
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Conceptual priming as a determinant of presence in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Computer graphics, virtual Reality, visualisation and interaction in Africa
The Torus Treadmill: Realizing Locomotion in VEs
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
A survey of usability evaluation in virtual environments: classification and comparison of methods
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Virtual environments: Virtual environments and mobile robots: Control, simulation, and robot pilot training
The human-computer interaction handbook
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
A dataflow representation for defining behaviours within virtual environments
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
Travel in Immersive Virtual Environments: An Evaluation of Viewpoint Motion Control Techniques
VRAIS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS '97)
The sensitivity of presence to collision response
VRAIS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS '97)
Walking-pad: a step-in-place locomotion interface for virtual environments
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Using a vibro-tactile display for enhanced collision perception and presence
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Design and evaluation of a wind display for virtual reality
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Assisted and automatic navigation in black oil reservoir models based on probabilistic roadmaps
I3D '06 Proceedings of the 2006 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
Updating orientation in large virtual environments using scaled translational gain
APGV '06 Proceedings of the 3rd symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
An Investigation of Collective Human Behavior in Large-Scale Mixed Reality Spaces
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence in response to dynamic visual realism: a preliminary report of an experiment study
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Absorption, dissociation, locus of control and presence in virtual reality
Computers in Human Behavior
Walking by thinking: the brainwaves are crucial, not the muscles!
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: 8th annual international workshop on presence II
Navigating virtual reality by thought: what is it like?
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Navigating Large-Scale “Desk-Top” Virtual Buildings: Effects of Orientation Aids and Familiarity
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Measuring Presence: A Response to the Witmer and Singer Presence Questionnaire
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Spatial Orientation and Wayfinding in Large-Scale Virtual Spaces II: Guest Editors' Introduction
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Virtual Locomotion: Walking in Place through Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Maintaining Spatial Orientation during Travel in an Immersive Virtual Environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
How Colorful Was Your Day? Why Questionnaires Cannot Assess Presence in Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Exploring large virtual environments with an HMD when physical space is limited
Proceedings of the 4th symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
Reality-based interaction: a framework for post-WIMP interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
HCI Beyond the GUI: Design for Haptic, Speech, Olfactory, and Other Nontraditional Interfaces
HCI Beyond the GUI: Design for Haptic, Speech, Olfactory, and Other Nontraditional Interfaces
Being a part of the crowd: towards validating VR crowds using presence
Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 1
EuroHaptics '08 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Haptics: Perception, Devices and Scenarios
Finger Walking in Place (FWIP): A Traveling Technique in Virtual Environments
SG '08 Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Smart Graphics
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
The benefits of using a walking interface to navigate virtual environments
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Virtual locomotion system for human-scale virtual environments
Proceedings of the Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
Presence-enhancing real walking user interface for first-person video games
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Video Games
Evaluating presence in low-cost Virtual Reality display systems for undergraduate education
Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges
Proceedings of the 16th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
The whys, how tos, and pitfalls of user studies
ACM SIGGRAPH 2009 Courses
Visual realism enhances realistic response in an immersive virtual environment
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications - Special issue on sketching tangible interfaces augmented reality on mobile phones
Super-feet: a wireless hand-free navigation system for virtual environments
ICVR'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Virtual reality
Lessons about virtual environment software systems from 20 years of ve building
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
The effect of viewing a self-avatar on distance judgments in an hmd-based virtual environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Exploring strategies and guidelines for developing full body video game interfaces
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games
Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization
Shake-your-head: revisiting walking-in-place for desktop virtual reality
Proceedings of the 17th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
SG'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Smart graphics
Virtual competitors influence rowers
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Walking improves your cognitive map in environments that are large-scale and large in extent
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Evaluation of walking in place on a Wii balance board to explore a virtual environment
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Evaluation of human performance using two types of navigation interfaces in virtual reality
Proceedings of the 2011 international conference on Virtual and mixed reality: new trends - Volume Part I
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Full body acting rehearsal in a networked virtual environment-a case study
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Exploring a virtual environment by walking in place using the Microsoft Kinect
Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Perception
EGVE - JVRC'11 Proceedings of the 17th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments & Third Joint Virtual Reality
The Mediating Role of Virtual Experience in Online Purchase Intentions
Information Resources Management Journal
Learning to walk in virtual reality
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Stepping off a ledge in an HMD-based immersive virtual environment
Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Perception
Torso versus gaze direction to navigate a VE by walking in place
Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Perception
The effects of VEs on mobility impaired users: presence, gait, and physiological response
Proceedings of the 19th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Virtual experience system for a digital museum
HCI'13 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human Interface and the Management of Information: information and interaction for learning, culture, collaboration and business - Volume Part III
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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This article presents an interactive technique for moving through an immersive virtual environment (or “virtual reality”). The technique is suitable for applications where locomotion is restricted to ground level. The technique is derived from the idea that presence in virtual environments may be enhanced the stronger the match between proprioceptive information from human body movements and sensory feedback from the computer-generated displays. The technique is an attempt to simulate body movements associated with walking. The participant “walks in place” to move through the virtual environment across distances greater than the physical limitations imposed by the electromagnetic tracking devices. A neural network is used to analyze the stream of coordinates from the head-mounted display, to determine whether or not the participant is walking on the spot. Whenever it determines the walking behavior, the participant is moved through virtual space in the direction of his or her gaze. We discuss two experimental studies to assess the impact on presence of this method in comparison to the usual hand-pointing method of navigation in virtual reality. The studies suggest that subjective rating of presence is enhanced by the walking method provided that participants associate subjectively with the virtual body provided in the environment. An application of the technique to climbing steps and ladders is also presented.