An empirical comparison of pie vs. linear menus
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The limits of expert performance using hierarchic marking menus
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
T-Cube: a fast, self-disclosing pen-based alphabet
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cirrin: a word-level unistroke keyboard for pen input
Proceedings of the 11th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Quikwriting: continuous stylus-based text entry
Proceedings of the 11th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
More than dotting the i's --- foundations for crossing-based interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A character-level error analysis technique for evaluating text entry methods
Proceedings of the second Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction
Measuring errors in text entry tasks: an application of the Levenshtein string distance statistic
CHI '01 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
KSPC (Keystrokes per Character) as a Characteristic of Text Entry Techniques
Mobile HCI '02 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction
EdgeWrite: a stylus-based text entry method designed for high accuracy and stability of motion
Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Twiddler typing: one-handed chording text entry for mobile phones
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Effect of foreign language on text transcription performance: Finns writing English
Proceedings of the third Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction
Simple vs. compound mark hierarchical marking menus
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
SHARK2: a large vocabulary shorthand writing system for pen-based computers
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Interaction in 4-second bursts: the fragmented nature of attentional resources in mobile HCI
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An empirical study of typing rates on mini-QWERTY keyboards
CHI '05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Adaptive blind interaction technique for touchscreens
Universal Access in the Information Society
Gestures without libraries, toolkits or training: a $1 recognizer for user interface prototypes
Proceedings of the 20th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Barrier pointing: using physical edges to assist target acquisition on mobile device touch screens
Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Graffiti vs. unistrokes: an empirical comparison
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Investigating touchscreen accessibility for people with visual impairments
Proceedings of the 5th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: building bridges
Bezel swipe: conflict-free scrolling and multiple selection on mobile touch screen devices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Virtual shelves: interactions with orientation aware devices
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
“Writing with music”: Exploring the use of auditory feedback in gesture interfaces
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Mobile messenger for the blind
ERCIM'06 Proceedings of the 9th conference on User interfaces for all
UIST '10 Proceedings of the 23nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Experimental analysis of touch-screen gesture designs in mobile environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
No-look notes: accessible eyes-free multi-touch text entry
Pervasive'10 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Pervasive Computing
Bezel-Tap gestures: quick activation of commands from sleep mode on tablets
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Enhancing remote live sports experiences through an eyes-free interaction
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Understanding performance of eyes-free, absolute position control on touchable mobile phones
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Understanding the process of learning touch-screen mobile applications
Proceedings of the 31st ACM international conference on Design of communication
Disambiguation of imprecise input with one-dimensional rotational text entry
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
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Touchscreen phones tend to require constant visual attention, thus not allowing eyes-free interaction. For users with visual impairment, or when occupied with another task that requires a user's visual attention, these phones can be difficult to use. Recently, marks initiating from the bezel, the physical touch-insensitive frame surrounding a touchscreen display, have been proposed as a method for eyes-free interaction. Due to the physical form factor of the mobile device, it is possible to access different parts of the bezel eyes-free. In this paper, we first studied the performance of different bezel menu layouts. Based on the results, we designed a bezel-based text entry application to gain insights into how bezel menus perform in a real-world application. From a longitudinal study, we found that the participants achieved 9.2 words per minute in situations requiring minimal visual attention to the screen. After only one hour of practice, the participants transitioned from novice to expert users. This shows that bezel menus can be adopted for realistic applications.