The limits of expert performance using hierarchic marking menus

  • Authors:
  • Gordon Kurtenbach;William Buxton

  • Affiliations:
  • Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada, M5S 1A1;Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada, M5S 1A1

  • Venue:
  • CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
  • Year:
  • 1993

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Abstract

A marking menu allows a user to perform a menu selection by either popping-up a radial (or pie) menu, or by making a straight mark in the direction of the desired menu item without popping-up the menu. A hierarchic marking menu uses hierarchic radial menus and “zig-zag” marks to select from the hierarchy. This paper experimentally investigates the bounds on how many items can be in each level, and how deep the hierarchy can be, before using a marking to select an item becomes too slow or prone to errors.