A set of principles for conducting and evaluating interpretive field studies in information systems
MIS Quarterly - Special issue on intensive research in information systems
Interaction and outeraction: instant messaging in action
CSCW '00 Proceedings of the 2000 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Investigating information systems with ethnographic research
Communications of the AIS
Effects of communication medium on interpersonal perceptions
GROUP '01 Proceedings of the 2001 International ACM SIGGROUP Conference on Supporting Group Work
Introducing instant messaging and chat in the workplace
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
What is chat doing in the workplace?
CSCW '02 Proceedings of the 2002 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
The character, functions, and styles of instant messaging in the workplace
CSCW '02 Proceedings of the 2002 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Instant messaging in teen life
CSCW '02 Proceedings of the 2002 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Introducing chat into business organizations: toward an instant messaging maturity model
GROUP '03 Proceedings of the 2003 international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work
Generalizing Generalizability in Information Systems Research
Information Systems Research
CSCW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Cultural differences in the use of instant messaging in Asia and North America
CSCW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Computer Standards & Interfaces
Communication Genres for Dispersed Real-Time Collaboration RTC: The Role of Presence and Awareness
International Journal of e-Collaboration
Self-Regulation in Instant Messaging IM: Failures, Strategies, and Negative Consequences
International Journal of e-Collaboration
Instant Messaging in Global Software Teams
International Journal of e-Collaboration
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According to John Adams' equity theory for employee motivation, employees place great importance on relative effort or input to its outcomes at the work place. However, as actual employee productivity is often difficult to estimate, anecdotal evidence suggests that employees frequently tend to compare the average number of hours worked per day. Geographically distributed or mobile workforces are of particular interest because such employees may not easily be able to physically observe their co-workers and, thus, estimate their relative effort. Instant Messaging IM has recently been adopted in many workplaces; yet, research on potential effects that IM presence awareness feature may have on employee attendance in a distributed workforce is virtually non-existent. This paper bridges that gap in the literature by presenting relevant findings, which have been derived from a 12-month-long ethnographic study of a large professional services organization. The authors show that, depending on the relative employee power relationship, presence awareness information may have significant positive or negative effects on a range of employee attendance dimensions.