Design of flash-based DBMS: an in-page logging approach
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing
ISCA '08 Proceedings of the 35th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture
Chameleon: A High Performance Flash/FRAM Hybrid Solid State Disk Architecture
IEEE Computer Architecture Letters
A PRAM and NAND flash hybrid architecture for high-performance embedded storage subsystems
EMSOFT '08 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Embedded software
Storage-class memory: the next storage system technology
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Lest we remember: cold boot attacks on encryption keys
SS'08 Proceedings of the 17th conference on Security symposium
Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Architecting phase change memory as a scalable dram alternative
Proceedings of the 36th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
A durable and energy efficient main memory using phase change memory technology
Proceedings of the 36th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Scalable high performance main memory system using phase-change memory technology
Proceedings of the 36th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Better I/O through byte-addressable, persistent memory
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
PDRAM: a hybrid PRAM and DRAM main memory system
Proceedings of the 46th Annual Design Automation Conference
PACT '09 Proceedings of the 2009 18th International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques
Enhancing lifetime and security of PCM-based main memory with start-gap wear leveling
Proceedings of the 42nd Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Proceedings of the 42nd Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Dynamically replicated memory: building reliable systems from nanoscale resistive memories
Proceedings of the fifteenth edition of ASPLOS on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Use ECP, not ECC, for hard failures in resistive memories
Proceedings of the 37th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Morphable memory system: a robust architecture for exploiting multi-level phase change memories
Proceedings of the 37th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Resistive computation: avoiding the power wall with low-leakage, STT-MRAM based computing
Proceedings of the 37th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Proceedings of the 37th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
A Phase Change Memory as a Secure Main Memory
IEEE Computer Architecture Letters
Write endurance in flash drives: measurements and analysis
FAST'10 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
SAFER: Stuck-At-Fault Error Recovery for Memories
MICRO '43 Proceedings of the 2010 43rd Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Mnemosyne: lightweight persistent memory
Proceedings of the sixteenth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
NV-Heaps: making persistent objects fast and safe with next-generation, non-volatile memories
Proceedings of the sixteenth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
AdaMS: adaptive MLC/SLC phase-change memory design for file storage
Proceedings of the 16th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Hybrid checkpointing using emerging nonvolatile memories for future exascale systems
ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO)
Page placement in hybrid memory systems
Proceedings of the international conference on Supercomputing
FREE-p: Protecting non-volatile memory against both hard and soft errors
HPCA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 17th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
This article surveys the current state of phase-change memory (PCM) as a nonvolatile memory technology set to replace flash and DRAM in modern computerized systems. It has been researched and developed in the last decade, with researchers providing better architectural designs which address the technology's main challenges—its limited write endurance, potential long latency, high energy writes, power dissipation, and some concerns for memory privacy. Some physical properties of the technology are also discussed, providing a basis for architectural discussions. Also briefly shown are other architectural alternatives, such as FeRAM and MRAM. The designs surveyed in this article include read before write, wear leveling, write cancellation, write pausing, some encryption schemes, and buffer organizations. These allow PCM to stand on its own as a replacement for DRAM as main memory. Designs for hybrid memory systems with both PCM and DRAM are also shown and some designs for SSDs incorporating PCM.