Optimal checkpointing of real-time tasks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
An On-Line Algorithm for Checkpoint Placement
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Voltage scheduling problem for dynamically variable voltage processors
ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Reliable computer systems (3rd ed.): design and evaluation
Reliable computer systems (3rd ed.): design and evaluation
Hybrid global/local search strategies for dynamic voltage scaling in embedded multiprocessors
Proceedings of the ninth international symposium on Hardware/software codesign
Analysis of Checkpointing for Real-Time Systems
Real-Time Systems
Energy efficient fixed-priority scheduling for real-time systems on variable voltage processors
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
Real-Time Systems
Dynamic Power Management: Design Techniques and CAD Tools
Dynamic Power Management: Design Techniques and CAD Tools
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Power optimization of real-time embedded systems on variable speed processors
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Embedded Robustness IPs for Transient-Error-Free ICs
IEEE Design & Test
Probabilistic Scheduling Guarantees for Fault-Tolerant Real-Time Systems
DCCA '99 Proceedings of the conference on Dependable Computing for Critical Applications
Worst Case Timing Requirement of Real-Time Tasks with Time Redundancy
RTCSA '99 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
Energy-Efficient Mapping and Scheduling for DVS Enabled Distributed Embedded Systems
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Schedulability analysis for systems with data and control dependencies
Euromicro-RTS'00 Proceedings of the 12th Euromicro conference on Real-time systems
Energy efficient SEU-tolerance in DVS-enabled real-time systems through information redundancy
ISLPED '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
A new approach to real-time checkpointing
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Virtual execution environments
Combined time and information redundancy for SEU-tolerance in energy-efficient real-time systems
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
CODES+ISSS '07 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE/ACM international conference on Hardware/software codesign and system synthesis
A standby-sparing technique with low energy-overhead for fault-tolerant hard real-time systems
CODES+ISSS '09 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM international conference on Hardware/software codesign and system synthesis
Energy/reliability trade-offs in fault-tolerant event-triggered distributed embedded systems
Proceedings of the 16th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
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Safety-critical embedded systems often operate in harsh environmental conditions that necessitate fault-tolerant computing techniques. In addition, many safety-critical systems execute real-time applications that require strict adherence to task deadlines. These embedded systems are also energy-constrained, since system lifetime is determined largely by the battery lifetime. In this paper, we investigate dynamic adaptation techniques based on checkpointing and dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) for fault tolerance and power management. We first present schedulability tests that provide the criteria under which checkpointing can provide fault tolerance and real-time guarantees. We then present an adaptive checkpointing scheme in which the checkpointing interval for a task is dynamically adjusted during execution, and checkpoints are inserted based not only on the available slack, but also on the occurrences of faults. Next, we combine adaptive checkpointing with DVS to achieve power reduction. Finally, we develop an adaptive checkpointing scheme for a set of multiple tasks in real-time systems. An offline preprocessing based on linear programming is used to determine the parameters that are provided as inputs to the online adaptive checkpointing procedure. Simulation results show that compared to previous methods, the proposed adaptive checkpointing approach increases the likelihood of timely task completion in the presence of faults. When combined with DVS, adaptive checkpointing also leads to considerable energy savings.