Networked virtual environments: design and implementation
Networked virtual environments: design and implementation
Coping with inconsistency due to network delays in collaborative virtual environments
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Revealing the realities of collaborative virtual reality
Proceedings of the third international conference on Collaborative virtual environments
An end-to-end communication architecture for collaborative virtual environments
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Reliable Multicast Network Transport for Distributed Virtual Simulation
DIS-RT '99 Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Distributed Interactive Simulation and Real-Time Applications
A Review of Tele-Immersive Applications in the CAVE Research Network
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
Effects of Network Characteristics on Human Performance in a Collaborative Virtual Environment
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
Effect of Latency on Presence in Stressful Virtual Environments
VR '03 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2003
Interacting in distributed collaborative virtual environments
VRAIS '95 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS'95)
A Network Communication Protocol for Distributed Virtual Environment Systems
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
Using cursor prediction to smooth telepointer jitter
GROUP '03 Proceedings of the 2003 international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work
Revealing delay in collaborative environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Transatlantic touch: a study of haptic collaboration over long distance
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: Advances in collaborative virtual environments
CSCW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Shared Object Manipulation with Decorators in Virtual Environments
DS-RT '04 Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
A guided tour in haptic audio visual environments and applications
International Journal of Advanced Media and Communication
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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Simulation lag is a known issue in networked virtual environments where users are geographically distributed. When users collaborate across the network using haptics, there are always momentary lacks of synchronization due to packet delay, loss, and jitter. Many strategies exist for dealing with such scenarios, but these strategies concentrate on one aspect and don't adequately address the necessary realism, causality, and the sense of copresence in the virtual environments during closelycoupled haptic tasks. In this paper we propose an approach that uses two techniques to moderate the simulation lag in haptic-based virtual environments. A decorator, which is a visual cue embedded in the haptic virtual object, is used to inform the user about the sate of simulation lag. In addition, this decorator is controlled by an algorithm that predicts the users' most likely action in the very short term, and compensates delayed or lost packets by interpolating collaborative actions. In other words, this technique improvises the current state of the haptic virtual object and displays it to the local user, in addition to calculating the current network delay/loss and indicating it non-intrusively to the local user.