Virtual spaces and real world places: transfer of route knowledge
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
The omni-directional treadmill: a locomotion device for virtual worlds
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Walking About Virtual Environments on an Infinite Floor
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
VIRTUAL PERAMBULATOR: A Novel Interface Device for Locomotion in Virtual Environment
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
Aiding Orientation Performance in Virtual Environments with Proprioceptive Feedback
VRAIS '98 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium
Vestibular Cues and Virtual Environments
VRAIS '98 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium
Spatial Orientation and Wayfinding in Large-Scale Virtual Spaces: An Introduction
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
The Transfer of Spatial Knowledge in Virtual Environment Training
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Judging Perceived and Traversed Distance in Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
Virtual Prints: leaving trails in virtual environments
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
Realizing a new step-in-place locomotion interface for virtual environment with large display system
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
Effect of turning strategy on maneuvering ability using the treadport locomotion interface
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
The human-computer interaction handbook
VRCAI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH international conference on Virtual Reality continuum and its applications in industry
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Virtual prints: Augmenting virtual environments with interactive personal marks
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Interaction with virtual environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
HCI Beyond the GUI: Design for Haptic, Speech, Olfactory, and Other Nontraditional Interfaces
HCI Beyond the GUI: Design for Haptic, Speech, Olfactory, and Other Nontraditional Interfaces
Finger Walking in Place (FWIP): A Traveling Technique in Virtual Environments
SG '08 Proceedings of the 9th international symposium on Smart Graphics
Shake-your-head: revisiting walking-in-place for desktop virtual reality
Proceedings of the 17th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
SG'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Smart graphics
CyberWalk: Enabling unconstrained omnidirectional walking through virtual environments
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Intelligent Service Robotics
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This paper describes experiments regarding navigation performance using a new locomotion interface for walking through virtual space. Although traveling on foot is the most intuitive style of locomotion, proprioceptive feedback from walking is not provided in most applications of virtual environments. We developed an infinite surface driven by actuators for enabling a sense of walking. Torus-shaped surfaces are selected to realize the locomotion interface. The device employs twelve sets of treadmills, connected side by side and driven in perpendicular directions. The virtual infinite surface is generated by the motion of the treadmills. A walker can go in any direction while his/her position is fixed in the real world. The device is called a Torus Treadmill. Navigation performance was measured by path-reproduction tests. Subjects were immersed in a virtual grass-covered plain on which a cone-shaped target object was placed. The subjects first traveled to the target object. After they reached it, the target object disappeared and the rehomed subjects were asked to return to the place where the target object was placed. We also set two target objects, and the subject traveled along a bent path. We compared two locomotion modes: walking on the Torus Treadmill and moving purely by joystick operation. The results of the bent-path experiment showed that the accuracy of the path reproduction in the Torus Treadmill mode is better than that of joystick mode.