A toolset for navigation in virtual environments
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Talk and embodiment in collaborative virtual environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Practically accomplishing immersion: cooperation in and for virtual environments
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Virtual spaces and real world places: transfer of route knowledge
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Navigation guided by artificial force fields
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The use of sketch maps to measure cognitive maps of virtual environments
VRAIS '95 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS'95)
Navigating Large-Scale “Desk-Top” Virtual Buildings: Effects of Orientation Aids and Familiarity
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Virtual laboratories: comparability of real and virtual environments for environmental psychology
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Fourth international workshop on presence
An ethnographic, action-based approach to human experience in virtual environments
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Embodiment and spatial behavior in virtual environments: comments on Durlach et al. (2000)
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Place, sense of place, and presence
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Three levels of metric for evaluating wayfinding
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: 2004 workshop on VR design and evaluation
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We report a qualitative study of navigation, wayfinding, and place experience within a virtual city. “Cityscape” is a virtual environment (VE), partially algorithmically generated and intended to be redolent of the aggregate forms of real cities. In the present study, we observed and interviewed participants during and following exploration of a desktop implementation of Cityscape. A number of emergent themes were identified and are presented and discussed. Observing the interaction with the virtual city suggested a continuous relationship between real and virtual worlds. Participants were seen to attribute real-world properties and expectations to the contents of the virtual world. The implications of these themes for the construction of virtual environments modeled on real-world forms are considered.