Multiparty videoconferencing at virtual social distance: MAJIC design
CSCW '94 Proceedings of the 1994 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
What video can and cannot do for collaboration: a case study
Multimedia Systems
User embodiment in collaborative virtual environments
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The GAZE groupware system: mediating joint attention in multiparty communication and collaboration
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Object-focused interaction in collaborative virtual environments
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction and collaborative virtual environments
Leveraging the asymmetric sensitivity of eye contact for videoconference
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
GAZE-2: conveying eye contact in group video conferencing using eye-controlled camera direction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Constructing a Gazebo: supporting teamwork in a tightly coupled, distributed task in virtual reality
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Successes and failures in co-present situations
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: Immersive projection technology
Comparison of head gaze and head and eye gaze within an immersive environment
DS-RT '06 Proceedings of the 10th IEEE international symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
Spatiality in videoconferencing: trade-offs between efficiency and social presence
CSCW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Equilibrium Theory Revisited: Mutual Gaze and Personal Space in Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Communicating Eye Gaze across a Distance without Rooting Participants to the Spot
DS-RT '08 Proceedings of the 2008 12th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
DS-RT '08 Proceedings of the 2008 12th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
Visual attention and eye gaze during multiparty conversations with distractions
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Communicating Eye Gaze across a Distance without Rooting Participants to the Spot
DS-RT '08 Proceedings of the 2008 12th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
DS-RT '08 Proceedings of the 2008 12th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
The effect of facial animation on a dancing character
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry
Lie tracking: social presence, truth and deception in avatar-mediated telecommunication
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Comparing and evaluating real time character engines for virtual environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces and the Workshop on Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction
Interacting with a gaze-aware virtual character
Proceedings of the 2010 workshop on Eye gaze in intelligent human machine interaction
Conversational gaze mechanisms for humanlike robots
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS)
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing
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Participants' eye-gaze is generally not captured or represented in immersive collaborative virtual environment (ICVE) systems. We present EyeCVE, which uses mobile eye-trackers to drive the gaze of each participant's virtual avatar, thus supporting remote mutual eye-contact and awareness of others' gaze in a perceptually unfragmented shared virtual workspace. We detail trials in which participants took part in three-way conferences between remote CAVE™ systems linked via EyeCVE. Eye-tracking data was recorded and used to evaluate interaction, confirming the system's support for the use of gaze as a communicational and management resource in multiparty conversational scenarios. We point toward subsequent investigation of eye-tracking in ICVEs for enhanced remote social-interaction and analysis.