The cognitive coprocessor architecture for interactive user interfaces
UIST '89 Proceedings of the 2nd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technology
Design for interactive performance in a virtual laboratory
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
The DataPaper: living in the virtual world
Proceedings on Graphics interface '90
Dialogue structures for virtual worlds
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
On temporal-spatial realism in the virtual reality environment
UIST '91 Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Information visualization using 3D interactive animation
Communications of the ACM - Special issue on graphical user interfaces
The role of another spatial dimension in software visualization
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
VB2: an architecture for interaction in synthetic worlds
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Decoupled simulation in virtual reality with the MR toolkit
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
A system for application-independent time-critical rendering
CHI '95 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Adding force feedback to graphics systems: issues and solutions
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Providing a low latency user experience in a high latency application
Proceedings of the 1997 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Alice and DIVER: a software architecture for building environments
CHI '93 INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A system for application-independent time-critical rendering
CHI '94 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Alice: a rapid prototyping system for building virtual environments
CHI '94 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Software engineering of virtual worlds
VRST '98 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
VRPN: a device-independent, network-transparent VR peripheral system
VRST '01 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Alice: Rapid Prototyping for Virtual Reality
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Rapid Prototyping for Distributed Virtual Environments
IEEE Software
A Network Communication Protocol for Distributed Virtual Environment Systems
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
Virtual input devices for 3D systems
VIS '93 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Visualization '93
Software infrastructure for multi-modal virtual environments
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Efficient comparison of platform alternatives in interactive virtual reality applications
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Intml: A dataflow oriented development system for virtual reality applications
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Videogames decoupled discrete event simulation
Computers and Graphics
Insights on the design of intml
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Lessons about virtual environment software systems from 20 years of ve building
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
GBLT-VG for High User Densities by User Group Behavior and Hot Point in MMO Virtual Environment
Journal of Network and Systems Management
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The Virtual Reality user interface style allows the user to manipulate virtual objects in a 3D environment using 3D input devices. This style is best suited to application areas where traditional two dimensional styles fall short, but the current programming effort required to produce a VR application is somewhat large. We have built a toolkit called MR, which facilitates the development of VR applications. The toolkit provides support for distributed computing, head-mounted displays, room geometry, performance monitoring, hand input devices, and sound feedback. In this paper, the architecture of the toolkit is outlined, the programmer's view is described, and two simple applications are described.