Instruction level and operating system profiling for energy exposed software

Authors:
Amit Sinha;Nathan Ickes;Anantha P. Chandrakasan
Affiliations:
Engim, Inc., Acton, MA and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA;Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA;Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
Venue:
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Year:
2003

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Abstract

Energy conscious software design can significantly improve the energy efficiency of a portable system. A software energy estimation technique using instruction class profiling is presented. The technique is shown to have an estimation error of less than 3% with trivial runtime overhead, based on a set of application programs evaluated on the StrongARM SA-1100 and Hitachi SH-4 microprocessors. A technique to isolate the switching and leakage energy components of software is outlined. The energy overhead of a real-time operating system is also profiled. The overall impact of system-level software energy management is quantified using the MIT µAMPS system as an application example.