Logic design principles with emphasis on testable semicustom circuits
Logic design principles with emphasis on testable semicustom circuits
Symbolic Boolean manipulation with ordered binary-decision diagrams
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
A robust multiplexer-based FPGA inspired by biological systems
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal - Special issue: dependable parallel computer systems
Microprogrammed Systems: An Introduction to Firmware Theory
Microprogrammed Systems: An Introduction to Firmware Theory
Digital Systems with Algorithm Implementation
Digital Systems with Algorithm Implementation
Programming in Modula-2
Theories of abstract automata (Prentice-Hall series in automatic computation)
Theories of abstract automata (Prentice-Hall series in automatic computation)
Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata
Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Static and Dynamic Configurable Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Embryonics: A Bio-Inspired Cellular Architecture with Fault-Tolerant Properties
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Towards Robust Bio-inspired Circuits
ECAL '99 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Advances in Artificial Life
Biology Meets Electronics: The Path to a Bio-inspired FPGA
ICES '00 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware
Embryonics: Artificial Cells Driven by Artificial DNA
ICES '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Evolvable Systems: From Biology to Hardware
Evolvable Platform for Array Processing: A One-Chip Approach
MICRONEURO '99 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Microelectronics for Neural, Fuzzy and Bio-Inspired Systems
Embryonics: electronic stem cells
ICAL 2003 Proceedings of the eighth international conference on Artificial life
An Architecture for Self-Healing Digital Systems
Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications
Intrinsic and extrinsic implementation of a bio-inspired hardware system
Information Sciences—Informatics and Computer Science: An International Journal - Special issue: Bio-inspired systems (BIS)
Towards Development on a Silicon-based Cellular Computing Machine
Natural Computing: an international journal
Cyclic metamorphic memory for cellular bio-inspired electronic systems
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Novel bio-inspired self-repair algorithm for evolvable fault tolerant hardware systems
Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference Companion on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference: Late Breaking Papers
Design of a cell in embryonic systems with improved efficiency and fault-tolerance
ICES'07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Evolvable systems: from biology to hardware
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
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The growth and the operation of all living beings are directed through the interpretation, in each of their cells, of a chemical program, the DNA string or genome. This process is the source of inspiration for the Embryonics (embryonic electronics) project, whose final objective is the conception of very large scale integrated circuits endowed with properties usually associated with the living world: self-repair (cicatrization) and self-replication. We will begin by showing that any logic system can be represented by an ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD), and then embedded into a fine-grained field-programmable gate array (FPGA) whose basic cell is a multiplexer with programmable connections. The cellular array thus obtained is perfectly homogeneous: the function of each cell is defined by a configuration (or gene) and all the genes in the array, each associated with a pair of coordinates, make up the blueprint (or genome) of the artificial organism. In the second part of the project, we add to the basic cell a memory and an interpreter to, respectively, store and decode the complete genome. The interpreter extracts from the genome the gene of a particular cell as a function of its position in the array (its coordinates) and thus determines the exact configuration of the relative multiplexer. The considerable redundancy introduced by the presence of a genome in each cell has significant advantages: self-replication (the automatic production of one or more copies of the original organism) and self-repair (the automatic repair of one or more faulty cells) become relatively simple operations. The multiplexer-based FPGA cell and the interpreter are finally embedded into an electronic module; an array of such modules make it possible to demonstrate self-repair and self-replication.