Of mice and monkeys: a specialized input device for virtual body animation
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Two pointer input for 3D interaction
Proceedings of the 1997 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Exploring bimanual camera control and object manipulation in 3D graphics interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Layered acting for character animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Multi-finger and whole hand gestural interaction techniques for multi-user tabletop displays
Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Multi-finger cursor techniques
GI '06 Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2006
HybridPointing: fluid switching between absolute and relative pointing with a direct input device
UIST '06 Proceedings of the 19th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Direct-touch vs. mouse input for tabletop displays
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Shallow-depth 3d interaction: design and evaluation of one-, two- and three-touch techniques
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Affordances for manipulation of physical versus digital media on interactive surfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Indirect mappings of multi-touch input using one and two hands
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Bringing physics to the surface
Proceedings of the 21st annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The design and evaluation of multi-finger mouse emulation techniques
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A screen-space formulation for 2D and 3D direct manipulation
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Simulating grasping behavior on an imaging interactive surface
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces
Sticky tools: full 6DOF force-based interaction for multi-touch tables
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces
The design and evaluation of 3D positioning techniques for multi-touch displays
3DUI '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces
Dragimation: direct manipulation keyframe timing for performance-based animation
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2012
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3D modelling and animation software is typically operated via single-pointer input, imposing a serialised workflow that seems cumbersome in comparison to how humans manipulate objects in the real world. Research has brought forth new interaction techniques for modelling and animation that utilise input with more degrees of freedom or employ both hands to allow more parallel control, yet these are separate efforts across diverse input technologies and have not been applied to a usable system. We developed a 3D modelling and animation system for multi-touch interactive surfaces, as this technology offers parallel input with many degrees of freedom through one or both hands. It implements techniques for one-handed 3D navigation, 3D object manipulation, and time control. This includes mappings for layered or multi-track performance animation that allows the animation of different features across several passes or the modification of previously recorded motion. We show how these unimanual techniques can be combined for efficient bimanual control and propose techniques that specifically support the use of both hands for typical tasks in 3D editing. A study proved that even inexperienced users can successfully use our system for a more parallel and direct modelling or animation process.