An alternative to SAT-Based approaches for bit-vectors

  • Authors:
  • Sébastien Bardin;Philippe Herrmann;Florian Perroud

  • Affiliations:
  • CEA LIST, Software Safety Laboratory, France;CEA LIST, Software Safety Laboratory, France;CEA LIST, Software Safety Laboratory, France

  • Venue:
  • TACAS'10 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

The theory BV of bit-vectors, i.e. fixed-size arrays of bits equipped with standard low-level machine instructions, is becoming very popular in formal verification. Standard solvers for this theory are based on a bit-level encoding into propositional logic and SAT-based resolution techniques. In this paper, we investigate an alternative approach based on a word-level encoding into bounded arithmetic and Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) resolution techniques. We define an original CLP framework (domains and propagators) dedicated to bit-vector constraints. This framework is implemented in a prototype and thorough experimental studies have been conducted. The new approach is shown to perform much better than standard CLP-based approaches, and to considerably reduce the gap with the best SAT-based BV solvers.