Statistical on-chip communication bus synthesis and voltage scaling under timing yield constraint
Proceedings of the 43rd annual Design Automation Conference
Voltage- and ABB-island optimization in high level synthesis
ISLPED '07 Proceedings of the 2007 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Energy optimization of multiprocessor systems on chip by voltage selection
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Variation-aware adaptive voltage scaling system
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Simultaneous on-chip bus synthesis and voltage scaling under random on-chip data traffic
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
ETAHM: an energy-aware task allocation algorithm for heterogeneous multiprocessor
Proceedings of the 45th annual Design Automation Conference
Dynamic voltage scaling of supply and body bias exploiting software runtime distribution
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Wide VDDembedded asynchronous SRAM with dual-mode self-timed technique for dynamic voltage systems
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part I: Regular Papers - Special section on 2008 custom integrated circuits conference (CICC 2008)
Compiler-assisted leakage-aware loop scheduling for embedded VLIW DSP processors
Journal of Systems and Software
Real-time loop scheduling with energy optimization via DVS and ABB for multi-core embedded system
EUC'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Embedded and ubiquitous computing
Enabling power-efficient DVFS operations on silicon
IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine
Optimality and improvement of dynamic voltage scaling algorithms for multimedia applications
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part I: Regular Papers
Body bias voltage computations for process and temperature compensation
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Rolling-horizon scheduling for energy constrained distributed real-time embedded systems
Journal of Systems and Software
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Process variation aware data management for STT-RAM cache design
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM/IEEE international symposium on Low power electronics and design
3E: Energy-efficient elastic scheduling for independent tasks in heterogeneous computing systems
Journal of Systems and Software
State-of-the-art research study for green cloud computing
The Journal of Supercomputing
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While dynamic power consumption has traditionally been the primary source of power consumption, leakage power is becoming an increasingly important concern as technology feature size continues to shrink. Previous system-level approaches focus on reducing power consumption without considering leakage power consumption. To overcome this limitation, we propose a two-phase approach to combine dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) and adaptive body biasing (ABB) for distributed real-time embedded systems. DVS is a powerful technique for reducing dynamic power consumption quadratically. However, DVS often requires a reduction in the threshold voltage that increases subthreshold leakage current exponentially and, hence, subthreshold leakage power consumption. ABB, which exploits the exponential dependence of subthreshold leakage power on the threshold voltage, is effective in managing leakage power consumption. We first derive an energy consumption model to determine the optimal supply voltage and body bias voltage under a given clock frequency. Then, we analyze the tradeoff between energy consumption and clock period to allocate slack to a set of tasks with precedence relationships and real-time constraints. Based on this two-phase approach, we propose a new system-level scheduling algorithm that can optimize both dynamic power and leakage power consumption by performing DVS and ABB simultaneously for distributed real-time embedded systems. Experimental results show that the average power reduction of our technique with respect to DVS alone is 37.4% for the 70-nm technology.