Analyzing Error-Prone System Structure
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Object-oriented software engineering
Object-oriented software engineering
Towards a metrics suite for object oriented design
OOPSLA '91 Conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applications
Object-oriented design
Object-oriented modeling and design
Object-oriented modeling and design
Object-oriented analysis (2nd ed.)
Object-oriented analysis (2nd ed.)
The object-oriented brewery: a comparison of two object-oriented development methods
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Object-oriented metrics that predict maintainability
Journal of Systems and Software - Special issue on object-oriented software
Defining and validating high-level design metrics
Defining and validating high-level design metrics
Comments on 'A Metrics Suite for Object Oriented Design'
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Towards a conceptual framework for object oriented software metrics
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Property-Based Software Engineering Measurement
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
How reuse influences productivity in object-oriented systems
Communications of the ACM
A Validation of Object-Oriented Design Metrics as Quality Indicators
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Software metrics (2nd ed.): a rigorous and practical approach
Software metrics (2nd ed.): a rigorous and practical approach
An investigation into coupling measures for C++
ICSE '97 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Software engineering
Investigating quality factors in object-oriented designs: an industrial case study
Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Software engineering
Composite Structure Design
A Unified Framework for Cohesion Measurement in Object-OrientedSystems
Empirical Software Engineering
A Metrics Suite for Object Oriented Design
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Chidamber and Kemerer's Metrics Suite: A Measurement Theory Perspective
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Measuring Product Attributes of Object-Oriented Systems
Proceedings of the 5th European Software Engineering Conference
Measuring and Assessing Maintainability at the End of High Level Design
ICSM '93 Proceedings of the Conference on Software Maintenance
A Comprehensive Empirical Validation of Design Measures for Object-Oriented Systems
METRICS '98 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Software Metrics
Predicting Fault-Prone Classes with Design Measures in Object-Oriented Systems
ISSRE '98 Proceedings of the The Ninth International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering
Investigating quality factors in object-oriented designs: an industrial case study
Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Software engineering
Defining and Validating Measures for Object-Based High-Level Design
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Object model resurrection — an object oriented maintenance activity
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Software engineering
Mapping object-oriented systems to distributed systems using data mining techniques
IEA/AIE '00 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Industrial and engineering applications of artificial intelligence and expert systems: Intelligent problem solving: methodologies and approaches
Evaluation of coupling in the context of Java interfaces (poster session)
OOPSLA '00 Addendum to the 2000 proceedings of the conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications (Addendum)
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
The Confounding Effect of Class Size on the Validity of Object-Oriented Metrics
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Object-oriented metrics: A review of theory and practice
Advances in software engineering
Modeling Development Effort in Object-Oriented Systems Using Design Properties
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering - Special section on the seventh international software metrics symposium
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Using genetic algorithms and coupling measures to devise optimal integration test orders
SEKE '02 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Software engineering and knowledge engineering
Toward a discipline of scenario-based architectural engineering
Annals of Software Engineering
Empirical Software Engineering
Replicated Case Studies for Investigating Quality Factorsin Object-Oriented Designs
Empirical Software Engineering
Future trends in software evolution metrics
IWPSE '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Principles of Software Evolution
Estimation and Prediction Metrics for Adaptive Maintenance Effort of Object-Oriented Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
A dynamic software metric and debugging tool
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Reengineering legacy systems for distributed environments
Journal of Systems and Software
Nice class diagrams admit good design?
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Software visualization
APSEC '99 Proceedings of the Sixth Asia Pacific Software Engineering Conference
A Metric Framework for the Assessment of Object-Oriented systems
ICSM '01 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM'01)
Multi-View Software Evolution: A UML-based Framework for Evolving Object-Oriented Software
ICSM '01 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM'01)
OO Design Patterns, Design Structure, and Program Changes: An Industrial Case Study
ICSM '01 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM'01)
Product metrics for object-oriented systems
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
An Investigation of Graph-Based Class Integration Test Order Strategies
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Software metrics, information and entropy
Practicing software engineering in the 21st century
Investigation into the exploitation of Object-Oriented features
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
A metrics system for quantifying operational coupling in embedded computer control systems
Proceedings of the 4th ACM international conference on Embedded software
Dynamic Coupling Measurement for Object-Oriented Software
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Coupling and cohesion metrics for knowledge-based systems using frames and rules
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM)
Visualizing multiple evolution metrics
SoftVis '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Software visualization
Using object-level run-time metrics to study coupling between objects
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Investigating the Role of Use Cases in the Construction of Class Diagrams
Empirical Software Engineering
An empirical investigation into the dimensions of run-time coupling in Java programs
Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Principles and practice of programming in Java
Measurement and Validation of Module Coupling Attributes
Software Quality Control
Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution: Research and Practice
Mining evolution data of a product family
MSR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international workshop on Mining software repositories
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Refactoring the Aspectizable Interfaces: An Empirical Assessment
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Test Order for Class-based Integration Testing of Java Applications
QSIC '05 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software
Using patterns for the refinement and translationof UML models: A controlled experiment
Empirical Software Engineering
Coupling Metrics for Ontology-Based Systems
IEEE Software
A study of the influence of coverage on the relationship between static and dynamic coupling metrics
Science of Computer Programming - Special issue: Principles and practices of programming in Java (PPPJ 2004)
Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Single and multi-objective genetic operators in object-oriented conceptual software design
Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Subjective evaluation of software evolvability using code smells: An empirical study
Empirical Software Engineering
Identifying refactoring opportunities by identifying dependency cycles
ACSC '06 Proceedings of the 29th Australasian Computer Science Conference - Volume 48
Object-oriented cohesion subjectivity amongst experienced and novice developers: an empirical study
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
An empirical study into class testability
Journal of Systems and Software - Special issue: Selected papers from the 4th source code analysis and manipulation (SCAM 2004) workshop
Experiences of using the Dagstuhl Middle Metamodel for defining software metrics
PPPJ '06 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Principles and practice of programming in Java
Towards a unified coupling framework for measuring aspect-oriented programs
Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Software quality assurance
Identifying and characterizing change-prone classes in two large-scale open-source products
Journal of Systems and Software
Object-oriented software fault prediction using neural networks
Information and Software Technology
Understanding component co-evolution with a study on Linux
Empirical Software Engineering
Journal of Systems and Software
Information Systems Research
API-Based and Information-Theoretic Metrics for Measuring the Quality of Software Modularization
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Pareto optimal search based refactoring at the design level
Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Ranking reusability of software components using coupling metrics
Journal of Systems and Software
An empirical study of cycles among classes in Java
Empirical Software Engineering
Companion to the 22nd ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming systems and applications companion
On The Detection of Test Smells: A Metrics-Based Approach for General Fixture and Eager Test
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Identifying Crosscutting Concerns Using Fan-In Analysis
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM)
CASCON '07 Proceedings of the 2007 conference of the center for advanced studies on Collaborative research
Component dependency in object-oriented software
Journal of Computer Science and Technology
Predicting defects using network analysis on dependency graphs
Proceedings of the 30th international conference on Software engineering
A framework for the simulation of structural software evolution
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
Capture-recapture in software unit testing: a case study
Proceedings of the Second ACM-IEEE international symposium on Empirical software engineering and measurement
Refining the axiomatic definition of internal software attributes
Proceedings of the Second ACM-IEEE international symposium on Empirical software engineering and measurement
Proceedings of the Second ACM-IEEE international symposium on Empirical software engineering and measurement
Service Design Process for Reusable Services: Financial Services Case Study
ICSOC '07 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Service-Oriented Computing
Predicting Software Fault Proneness Model Using Neural Network
PROFES '08 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Product-Focused Software Process Improvement
DynaMetrics: a runtime metric-based analysis tool for object-oriented software systems
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Dynamic analysis of Ada programs for comprehension and quality measurement
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM annual international conference on SIGAda annual international conference
Using planning poker for combining expert estimates in software projects
Journal of Systems and Software
Metrics to study symptoms of bad software designs
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Application of support vector machine to predict fault prone classes
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Predicting Coupling of Object-Centric Business Process Implementations
BPM '08 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Business Process Management
Automatic identification of key classes in a software system using webmining techniques
Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution: Research and Practice
Revising cohesion measures by considering the impact of write interactions between class members
Information and Software Technology
Quantitatively measuring object-oriented couplings
Software Quality Control
Using information retrieval based coupling measures for impact analysis
Empirical Software Engineering
Multiple-parameter coupling metrics for layered component-based software
Software Quality Control
Why is the web loosely coupled?: a multi-faceted metric for service design
Proceedings of the 18th international conference on World wide web
Generalized coupling measure for aspect-oriented systems
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Fault detection and prediction in an open-source software project
PROMISE '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Predictor Models in Software Engineering
International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology
A theoretical and empirical analysis of a TTCN-3 coupling metric
ECC'08 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on European computing conference
Detecting Defects in Object Oriented Designs Using Design Metrics
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering: Proceedings of the Seventh Joint Conference on Knowledge-Based Software Engineering
Package coupling measurement in object-oriented software
Journal of Computer Science and Technology
A cohesion metric proposal for object-oriented systems: COMIAS
ICCOMP'09 Proceedings of the WSEAES 13th international conference on Computers
Effects of dependency injection on maintainability
SEA '07 Proceedings of the 11th IASTED International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications
Fault-prone module prediction of a web application using artificial neural networks
SEA '07 Proceedings of the 11th IASTED International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications
Extending object-oriented languages with backward error recovery integrated support
Computer Languages, Systems and Structures
Measuring the Quality of Service Oriented Design
ICSOC-ServiceWave '09 Proceedings of the 7th International Joint Conference on Service-Oriented Computing
Measuring design testability of a UML class diagram
Information and Software Technology
A measurement framework for object-oriented software testability
Information and Software Technology
Empirical validation of object-oriented metrics for predicting fault proneness models
Software Quality Control
Finding software metrics threshold values using ROC curves
Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution: Research and Practice
On the application of software metrics to UML models
MoDELS'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Models in software engineering
An information-based view of representational coupling in object-oriented systems
FASE'03 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Fundamental approaches to software engineering
Measures for assessing dynamic complexity aspects of object-oriented conceptual schemes
ER'00 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Conceptual modeling
A cost-benefit framework for making architectural decisions in a business context
Proceedings of the 32nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - Volume 2
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM-IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement
Object oriented design pattern decay: a taxonomy
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM-IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement
Package Fingerprints: A visual summary of package interface usage
Information and Software Technology
Assessment of usability metrics for object-oriented software system
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Composite service metamodel and auto composition
Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering - Special Supplement Issue in Section A and B: Selected Papers from the ISCA International Conference on Software Engineering and Data Engineering, 2009
Usability Estimation of Software System by using Object-Oriented Metrics
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
A survey of dynamic software metrics
Journal of Computer Science and Technology
Quality measurement of modularized object oriented software using metrics
Proceedings of the International Conference & Workshop on Emerging Trends in Technology
Where the truth lies: AOP and its impact on software modularity
FASE'11/ETAPS'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Fundamental approaches to software engineering: part of the joint European conferences on theory and practice of software
Source code prioritization using forward slicing for exposing critical elements in a program
Journal of Computer Science and Technology
The influence of product integration on online advertising effectiveness
Electronic Commerce Research and Applications
Cohesion and coupling metrics for ontology modules
Information Technology and Management
Benchmarking library and application software with Data Envelopment Analysis
Software Quality Control
Validation of dynamic coupling metrics for object-oriented software
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Proceedings of the 25th European conference on Object-oriented programming
Using structural and textual information to capture feature coupling in object-oriented software
Empirical Software Engineering
Supporting design model refactoring for improving class responsibility assignment
Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Model driven engineering languages and systems
Rank-based refactoring decision support: two studies
Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering
Applying and evaluating concern-sensitive design heuristics
Journal of Systems and Software
Identifying thresholds for object-oriented software metrics
Journal of Systems and Software
Remodularizing Java programs for improved locality of feature implementations in source code
Science of Computer Programming
Reliability improvement based on prioritization of source code
ICDCIT'10 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Distributed Computing and Internet Technology
The ability of object-oriented metrics to predict change-proneness: a meta-analysis
Empirical Software Engineering
Simulating the structural evolution of software
SPW/ProSim'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Software Process Simulation and Modeling
Issues arising from refactoring studies: an experience report
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Does an 80:20 rule apply to Java coupling?
EASE'09 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering
A coupling framework for aspectJ
EASE'06 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering
A testing strategy for abstract classes
Software Testing, Verification & Reliability
Evaluating defect prediction approaches: a benchmark and an extensive comparison
Empirical Software Engineering
Information and Software Technology
Construct specific coupling measurement for C++ software
Computer Languages, Systems and Structures
Prediction of testability using the design metrics for object-oriented software
International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology
Studying volatility predictors in open source software
Proceedings of the ACM-IEEE international symposium on Empirical software engineering and measurement
On the role of composition code properties on evolving programs
Proceedings of the ACM-IEEE international symposium on Empirical software engineering and measurement
Risk chain prediction metrics for predicting fault proneness in object oriented systems
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Computational Science, Engineering and Information Technology
Empirical study of Software Quality estimation
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Computational Science, Engineering and Information Technology
Quality aspects for component-based systems: A metrics based approach
Software—Practice & Experience
Usage and testability of AOP: An empirical study of AspectJ
Information and Software Technology
Online information product design: The influence of product integration on brand extension
Decision Support Systems
A comparative study of static CIA techniques
Proceedings of the Fourth Asia-Pacific Symposium on Internetware
A Longitudinal Study of Fan-In and Fan-Out Coupling in Open-Source Systems
International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design
International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design
Dynamic profiling-based approach to identifying cost-effective refactorings
Information and Software Technology
An empirical study on the developers' perception of software coupling
Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering
Linking Cyclicality and Product Quality
Manufacturing & Service Operations Management
What can commit metadata tell us about design degradation?
Proceedings of the 2013 International Workshop on Principles of Software Evolution
Is lines of code a good measure of effort in effort-aware models?
Information and Software Technology
Object-oriented class maintainability prediction using internal quality attributes
Information and Software Technology
A metric towards evaluating understandability of state machines: An empirical study
Information and Software Technology
A study of cyclic dependencies on defect profile of software components
Journal of Systems and Software
An in-depth study of the potentially confounding effect of class size in fault prediction
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM)
Empirical investigation into static and dynamic coupling metrics
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
System performance analyses through object-oriented fault and coupling prisms
Proceedings of the 5th ACM/SPEC international conference on Performance engineering
Dynamic coupling metrics for object oriented software systems: a survey
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
A comparative study of models for predicting fault proneness in object-oriented systems
International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology
One Graph to Rule Them All Software Measurement and Management
Fundamenta Informaticae - Concurrency, Specification and Programming
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The increasing importance being placed on software measurement has led to an increased amount of research developing new software measures. Given the importance of object-oriented development techniques, one specific area where this has occurred is coupling measurement in object-oriented systems. However, despite a very interesting and rich body of work, there is little understanding of the motivation and empirical hypotheses behind many of these new measures. It is often difficult to determine how such measures relate to one another and for which application they can be used. As a consequence, it is very difficult for practitioners and researchers to obtain a clear picture of the state-of-the-art in order to select or define measures for object-oriented systems.This situation is addressed and clarified through several different activities. First, a standardized terminology and formalism for expressing measures is provided which ensures that all measures using it are expressed in a fully consistent and operational manner. Second, to provide a structured synthesis, a review of the existing frameworks and measures for coupling measurement in object-oriented systems takes place. Third, a unified framework, based on the issues discovered in the review, is provided and all existing measures are then classified according to this framework.This paper contributes to an increased understanding of the state-of-the-art: A mechanism is provided for comparing measures and their potential use, integrating existing measures which examine the same concepts in different ways, and facilitating more rigorous decision making regarding the definition of new measures and the selection of existing measures for a specific goal of measurement. In addition, our review of the state-of-the-art highlights that many measures are not defined in a fully operational form, and relatively few of them are based on explicit empirical models, as recommended by measurement theory.