The Production of Route Instructions in Underground and Urban Environments
COSIT '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Information Theory: Cognitive and Computational Foundations of Geographic Information Science
Elements of Good Route Directions in Familiar and Unfamiliar Environments
COSIT '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Information Theory: Cognitive and Computational Foundations of Geographic Information Science
The Route Direction Effect and its Constraints
Spatial Cognition, An Interdisciplinary Approach to Representing and Processing Spatial Knowledge
Enriching Wayfinding Instructions with Local Landmarks
GIScience '02 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Geographic Information Science
A location representation for generating descriptive walking directions
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
The territory is the map: designing navigational aids
CHINZ '05 Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCHI New Zealand chapter's international conference on Computer-human interaction: making CHI natural
Automatic generation of tourist maps
ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 papers
Simplest Instructions: Finding Easy-to-Describe Routes for Navigation
GIScience '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Geographic Information Science
Journal of Location Based Services
Automatic evaluation of landmarks for image-based navigation update
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on signal processing advances in robots and autonomy
Which way to turn?: guide orientation in virtual way finding
EmbodiedNLP '07 Proceedings of the Workshop on Embodied Language Processing
Landmark classification for route directions
SigSem '07 Proceedings of the Fourth ACL-SIGSEM Workshop on Prepositions
Where to go: interpreting natural directions using global inference
ICRA'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Robotics and Automation
Mapping natural language to imagery: placing objects intelligently
FUZZ-IEEE'09 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Fuzzy Systems
A location and action-based model for route descriptions
GeoS'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on GeoSpatial semantics
A uniform handling of different landmark types in route directions
COSIT'07 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Spatial information theory
Before or after: prepositions in spatially constrained systems
SC'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Spatial Cognition V: reasoning, action, interaction
An analysis of direction and motion concepts in verbal descriptions of route choices
COSIT'09 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Spatial information theory
An architecture for dynamic location description generation from the web for human way-finding
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and Multimedia
Modeling and simulation of a column industrial robot type used in mounting processes
ISCGAV'10 Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Signal processing, computational geometry and artificial vision
Easiest-to-reach neighbor search
Proceedings of the 18th SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
Multi-display map touring with tangible widget
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
Testing landmark identification theories in virtual environments
SC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Spatial cognition
The impact of dimensionality on natural language route directions in unconstrained dialogue
SIGDIAL '10 Proceedings of the 11th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue
Comparing spoken language route instructions for robots across environment representations
SIGDIAL '10 Proceedings of the 11th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue
Bimodal task-facilitation in a virtual traffic scenario through spatialized sound rendering
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
VISUAL'05 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Visual Information and Information Systems
Active landmarks in indoor environments
VISUAL'05 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Visual Information and Information Systems
The territory is the map: exploring the use of landmarks in situ to inform mobile guide design
INTERACT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 IFIP TC13 international conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Visual description conversion for enhancing search engines and navigational systems
APWeb'06 Proceedings of the 8th Asia-Pacific Web conference on Frontiers of WWW Research and Development
Affective states influence spatial cue utilization during navigation
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Structural salience of landmarks for route directions
COSIT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Spatial Information Theory
Expert and non-expert knowledge of loosely structured environments
COSIT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Spatial Information Theory
Landmark extraction: a web mining approach
COSIT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Spatial Information Theory
Landmarks in OpenLS — a data structure for cognitive ergonomic route directions
GIScience'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Geographic Information Science
Understanding auditory navigation to physical landmarks
HAID'12 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Haptic and Audio Interaction Design
Generation of landmark-based navigation instructions from open-source data
EACL '12 Proceedings of the 13th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
Landmark-based location belief tracking in a spoken dialog system
SIGDIAL '12 Proceedings of the 13th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue
Linking cognitive and computational saliences in route information
SC'12 Proceedings of the 2012 international conference on Spatial Cognition VIII
Model for landmark highlighting in mobile web services
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia
Moving beyond the map: automated landmark based pedestrian guidance using street level panoramas
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
A qualitative path planner for robot navigation using human-provided maps
International Journal of Robotics Research
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
Route directions describe the sequence of actions a moving person needs to take to reach a goal in an environment. When generating directions, speakers not only specify what to do. They also refer to landmarks located along the route. We report two studies intended to identify the cognitive functions of landmarks. In the first study, participants learned a route in an urban environment. They then generated route directions to help pedestrians unfamiliar with this environment to find their way. We found that landmarks were reported more frequently at specific points on the route, especially at reorientation points. The second study showed that pedestrians perceived landmarks as a useful part of route directions. We conclude that reference to landmarks is intended to help movers to construct a mental representation of an unfamiliar environment in advance and to prepare them cognitively to get through difficult or uncertain parts of that environment.