Voltage scheduling problem for dynamically variable voltage processors
ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Power conscious fixed priority scheduling for hard real-time systems
Proceedings of the 36th annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Run-time voltage hopping for low-power real-time systems
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Design Automation Conference
Run-time power control scheme using software feedback loop for low-power real-time application
ASP-DAC '00 Proceedings of the 2000 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Energy efficient fixed-priority scheduling for real-time systems on variable voltage processors
Proceedings of the 38th annual Design Automation Conference
Dynamic voltage scaling on a low-power microprocessor
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Energy priority scheduling for variable voltage processors
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Variable voltage task scheduling algorithms for minimizing energy
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
An energy efficient rate selection algorithm for voltage quantized dynamic voltage scaling
Proceedings of the 14th international symposium on Systems synthesis
Task scheduling and voltage selection for energy minimization
Proceedings of the 39th annual Design Automation Conference
Software Energy Reduction Techniques for Variable-Voltage Processors
IEEE Design & Test
A scheduling model for reduced CPU energy
FOCS '95 Proceedings of the 36th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
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RTSS '96 Proceedings of the 17th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Synthesis Techniques for Low-Power Hard Real-Time Systems on Variable Voltage Processors
RTSS '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Real-Time Task Scheduling for a Variable Voltage Processor
Proceedings of the 12th international symposium on System synthesis
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Optimal voltage allocation techniques for dynamically variable voltage processors
Proceedings of the 40th annual Design Automation Conference
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 1
Power-Aware Scheduling for Periodic Real-Time Tasks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Profile-based optimal intra-task voltage scheduling for hard real-time applications
Proceedings of the 41st annual Design Automation Conference
Communication-Aware Task Scheduling and Voltage Selection for Total Systems Energy Minimization
Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Reducing both dynamic and leakage energy consumption for hard real-time systems
Proceedings of the 2004 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems
Power minimization in QoS sensitive systems
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Exploiting Dynamic Workload Variation in Low Energy Preemptive Task Scheduling
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 1
Optimal voltage allocation techniques for dynamically variable voltage processors
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
ASP-DAC '03 Proceedings of the 2003 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Power optimizations for the MLCA using dynamic voltage scaling
SCOPES '05 Proceedings of the 2005 workshop on Software and compilers for embedded systems
Transition-overhead-aware voltage scheduling for fixed-priority real-time systems
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES)
Energy efficient DVS schedule for fixed-priority real-time systems
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) - Special Section LCTES'05
Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Integrated circuits and systems design
Energy optimization of multiprocessor systems on chip by voltage selection
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Bounding energy consumption in large-scale MPI programs
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Hard real-time tasks' scheduling considering voltage scaling, precedence and exclusion relations
Information Processing Letters
Adagio: making DVS practical for complex HPC applications
Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Supercomputing
Minimizing CPU energy in real-time systems with discrete speed management
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Proceedings of the 16th ACM/IEEE international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Min-energy voltage allocation for tree-structured tasks
COCOON'05 Proceedings of the 11th annual international conference on Computing and Combinatorics
Energy efficient heuristic scheduling algorithms for multimedia service
ESCAPE'07 Proceedings of the First international conference on Combinatorics, Algorithms, Probabilistic and Experimental Methodologies
Exploring hardware overprovisioning in power-constrained, high performance computing
Proceedings of the 27th international ACM conference on International conference on supercomputing
Energy and transition-aware runtime task scheduling for multicore processors
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
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Voltage scheduling is indispensable for exploiting the benefit of variable voltage processors. Though extensive research has been done in this area, current processor limitations such as transition overhead and voltage level discretization are often considered insignificant and are typically ignored. We show that for hard, real-time applications, disregarding such details can lead to sub-optimal or even invalid results. We propose two algorithms that guarantee valid solutions. The first is a greedy yet simple approach, while the second is more complex but significantly reduces energy consumption under certain conditions. Through experimental results on both real and randomly generated systems, we show the effectiveness of both algorithms, and explore what conditions make it beneficial to use the complex algorithm over the basic one.