ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
Bridging strategies for VR-based learning
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
SciCentr and BioLearn: two 3D implementations of CVE science museums
Proceedings of the third international conference on Collaborative virtual environments
Virtual reality for education?
VRST '00 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Education and Information Technologies
The Round Earth Project-Collaborative VR for Conceptual Learning
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Key lessons for the design and integration of virtual environments in secondary science
Computers & Education
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Educators Program
Information-rich virtual environments: theory, tools, and research agenda
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Designing a collaborative virtual environment for introducing pupils to complex subject matter
Proceedings of the third Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction
MaxwellWorld: learning complex scientific concepts via immersion in virtual reality
ICLS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 international conference on Learning sciences
Virtual reality for ecosystem dynamics education
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Educators program
Situational learning in real and virtual space: lessons learned and future directions
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Educators program
An overview of auditory display to assist comprehension of molecular information
Interacting with Computers
The Virtual Venue: User-Computer Interaction in Information-Rich Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Learning and Building Together in an Immersive Virtual World
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
The Educational Value of an Information-Rich Virtual Environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Virtual Explorer: Interactive Virtual Environment for Education
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Virtual reality learning objects of molecular structures
DCMI '06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications: metadata for knowledge and learning
ACE '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology
Simulating educational physical experiments in augmented reality
ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 educators programme
CSCL '02 Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning: Foundations for a CSCL Community
Summary of usability evaluations of an educational augmented reality application
ICVR'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Virtual reality
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Questioning naturalism in 3D user interfaces
Communications of the ACM
Higher levels of immersion improve procedure memorization performance
JVRC'09 Proceedings of the 15th Joint virtual reality Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
Supervision of task-oriented multimodal rendering for VR applications
EGVE'07 Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
Learning Molecular Structures in a Tangible Augmented Reality Environment
International Journal of Virtual and Personal Learning Environments
Proceedings of the 3rd Computer Science Education Research Conference on Computer Science Education Research
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Three virtual worlds have been built to investigate the effect of immersive, multisensory computer-generated experiences on learning topics in science. Currently targeted at high school and beginning college students, these worlds address Newtonian mechanics, electrostatics, and molecular structure and dynamics. Data has been collected on usability and learning through questionnaires, pre- and post-tests, in situ prediction and experiment and post-session interviews. The results are not uniformly conclusive but suggest that students can improve their mastery of abstract concepts through the use of virtual environments that have been designed for learning. Moreover, usability studies have identified many significant problems that have been addressed in successive refinements of these worlds. Future work will include collaborative learning studies (both local and distant), use of intelligent agents, and comparison with two-dimensional microworlds.